Kathmandu
Kathmandu
Tea House/Lodges/Camps
3 Course Meal (B, L, D)
Hard
7,161m/23,494 feet
Trekking and Climbing
34
Reaching Summit of Pumo Ri
Stunning Views Including Tibet, Mount Everest, Lhotse, Makalu, Cho Oyu, Nuptse, Ama Dablam etc.
Sherpa Culture, Various Monasteries, and Sagarmatha National Park
Pumo Ri is a striking pyramid-shaped peak located in Nepal’s Khumbu region and parts of Tibet. It prominently features in the skyline behind Kala Patar. Those who have trekked or climbed to Everest often recall Pumo Ri’s unique silhouette. Pumo Ri is a highly regarded peak for aspiring Himalayan alpinists. Historically, this peak has served as a training ground for numerous Everest expeditions and is now offered as a guided climb. Each climbing season, there may be as many as 20 expeditions attempting to reach its summit. This peak is an excellent option for climbers preparing for 8,000-meter summits, demanding a high level of physical endurance and mountaineering experience. Most climbers opt for the Southeast route, although the risk of avalanches remains a constant concern during the ascent.
Pumo Ri is an impressive peak that stands at an elevation of 7,161 meters (23,494 feet). It is part of the Mahalangur range, located on the border between Nepal and Tibet, China, and is situated just 8 kilometers away from Mt. Everest. The name “Pumo Ri” translates to “Daughter Mountain” in the Sherpa language, a designation given by George Mallory. Pumo Ri attracts adventurers seeking to explore its majestic heights. The peak was first ascended on May 17, 1962, by a team comprising Gerhard Lenser, Ernst Farrer, Ueli Huerlemann, and Hans Ruetzel. Since then, many climbers have reached its summit, with the first winter ascent achieved in 2017 by Pakistani mountaineer Muhammad Ali Sadpara. The ideal seasons for an expedition to Mt. Pumori are spring (March to June) and autumn (August to November).
The expedition to Pumo Ri begins with a flight from Kathmandu or Ramechhap to Lukla, followed by a trek through charming villages like Phakding, Namche Bazaar, Tengboche, Lobuche, and Gorakshep. This trek allows climbers to immerse themselves in the rural lifestyle of the Sherpa community, passing through Sherpa villages with terraced farms and lush forests of rhododendron and pine, gradually transitioning to rocky landscapes.
The Climbing Journey
Reaching base camp at 5,364 meters marks the start of the climb, which involves traversing snow-covered ridges and glaciers. Climbers face technical challenges on slopes that can rise between 40 and 60 degrees, requiring solid mountaineering skills. Several camps will be set up before the summit push: base camp at 5,300 meters, Camp I at 5,650 meters, Camp II at 6,200 meters, and Camp III at 6,500 meters. Experienced Sherpas will establish fixed ropes and safe routes to facilitate both ascent and descent, ensuring climbers are well-supported throughout the journey. From the summit of Pumori, climbers can enjoy breathtaking panoramic views of Mount Everest, Lhotse, Makalu, Cho Oyu, Nuptse, and numerous other snow-capped peaks. Starting early in the morning offers the chance to witness a stunning sunrise that bathes the snow in golden hues, creating an unforgettable scene. Reaching the summit is only part of the journey, as the descent can be one of the most demanding aspects of climbing. Climbers must remain focused and use their abseiling skills carefully on the way down. While celebrating the achievement at the top, if the weather permits and conditions are calm, climbers may have 30 to 60 minutes to enjoy the stunning panoramic views of the Himalayas. However, our guiding team will advise when it’s time to descend, as it’s crucial to refuel and regain energy for a safe return to either Camp II or Camp I. Many incidents occur during the descent, highlighting the importance of vigilance and caution. A spare summit day is also built into the schedule for contingencies. Finally, the team will make their way back to Base Camp, concluding the expedition.
It’s a panoramic thrill flying into Kathmandu on a clear day. The views of snow-capped mountain peaks sprawling down below you are almost ecstatic, beginning a whole chain of memorable experiences that stay with you for a long, long time. As your plane lands at Tribhuvan International Airport in Kathmandu, our waiting support team will meet and greet you at the arrivals and escort you to your hotel. At the hotel you will be briefed about your daily activities.
On the second day, you will complete all necessary official procedures, including obtaining permits and handling other essential documentation for your expedition. Once these formalities are taken care of, you’ll have some free time to explore the city and take in its sights. This day will be dedicated to preparing for the expedition. You’ll pack your bags, do any necessary shopping, and double-check that you have everything you need, especially medicines and essentials. Detailed briefings will cover every aspect of the expedition, including gear and equipment, trip duration, accommodation, and facilities at Base Camp. This is also a great opportunity for you to meet and introduce yourself to your fellow climbers and teammates, fostering a sense of camaraderie before the adventure begins.
Early morning you will be transferred to Ramechhap airport (494 m/1,620 ft) to catch the Lukla flight. A scenic flight of 15 minutes from Ramechhap brings us to Lukla airport (2,840 m/9,318 ft), a cliff-hanging airport in Khumbu from where most of the Everest trekking is started. After meeting the crew, you head up the Dudh Koshi Valley on a well-marked trail and then stay overnight in Phakding (2,610 m/8,563 ft).
From Phakding, you cross and re-cross the river on high suspension bridges. Beyond Monjo (2835 m/ 9301 ft) is the entrance to Sagarmatha National Park which was set-up in order to protect and preserve the fragile mountain environment. You then take a steep hike to Namche Bazar (3,440 m/11,286 ft), one of the most important stopovers while trekking in Nepal. If the weather is clear, you get the first glimpse of Mt. Everest on this day. Namche is the main trading center in the Khumbu region and has a busy Saturday market – a meeting place for the locals and the people from neighboring vicinity.
Namche is tucked away between two ridges amidst the giant peaks of the Khumbu and has an abundance of lodges, teashops and souvenir shops. It is an ideal place to spend a day, acclimatizing to the new altitude before heading off towards Tengboche. To acclimatize, you can visit Khunde Village (3,840 m/12,598 ft) which has Hospital set-up by Sir Edmund Hillary, and Khumjung Village (3,780 m/12,402 ft) which have a monastery known for having famous yeti scalp or take a one hour walk up to the Everest View Hotel above Namche for the sunset view of Ama Dablam, Nuptse, Lhotse and Everest. There are also good views from the National Park Centre and Museum just above the town.
From Namche Bazar, the trail contours on to the side of the valley, high above the Dudh Koshi. You get our first really good views of the great peaks of the Khumbu including Mt Everest, Lhotse, Nuptse and Ama Dablam. Passing by some settlements with numerous teashops, you descend steeply to a bridge over the river at Phungi Thanga (3,250 m/10,663 ft). The village is an ideal stopover for lunch. Here you can rest before making the steep climb to Tengboche Monastery, one of the most remarkable monasteries you visit during Everest Base Camp Trek. Although the hike up the zigzag path is tiring, it presents us with many beautiful sights of rhododendron bushes with beautiful birds and superb mountain scenery. Tengboche (3,860 m/12,664 ft) is famous for its legendary monastery, the largest in the Khumbu. A spectacular panorama of Everest, Lhotse and Ama Dablam rising in the horizon can be seen from here.
You descend downhill through a forest, cross the Imja Khola and climb steadily to the village of Pangboche. This village is directly opposite Ama Dablam (6,814 m/22,356 ft) and has exceptional views of the mountain with the monastery, mani walls and scattered pine trees in the foreground. A further two hours’ walk-through scrub junipers bring you to Dingboche (4,410 m/14,469 ft).
A full day has been allocated for acclimatization. You get to wander up the valley to the summit of Nangkartshang Peak (5,083 m/16,677 ft), from where you can get the stupendous 360-degree view of the mountains including Mt. Makalu (8,463 m/27,766 ft), Lhotse (8,516 m/27,490 ft), Cho Oyu (8,201 m/26,906 ft), Imja Tse (Island Peak) (6165 m / 20226 ft), Ama Dablam (6814 m / 22356 ft), Khangtega (6,783 m/22,254 ft), Thamserku (6,623 m/21,729 ft), Tawoche (6,501 m/21,329 ft) and Cholatse (6,423 m/21,073 ft). Another option can be a hiking to Chhukung Village (4,730 m/15,518 ft)) – the last village before Island Peak. If you want to push yourself a bit harder, you can also climb Chhukung Ri (5,550 m/18,209 ft), from where you can get the impressive view of Imja Tse (Island Peak), Imja Glacier, Ama Dablam, Makalu and Nuptse. In that case an early start from Dingboche is required.
You continue up the wide valley beneath the impressive peaks of Cholatse and Tawoche on the left. Then turn right and take a steep climb towards the foot of the Khumbu Glacier. The tea house at Thogla (Dughla) (4,620 m/15,157 ft) is a good spot to have lunch. The trail zigzags up through the boulders of the glacier's terminal moraine. At the top of this climb there are many stone cairns, built as memorials to many Sherpas and international climbers like Scott Fisher who have died while climbing Mt. Everest. The path then climbs gently along the glacier, to eventually reach the cluster of houses at Lobuche (4,910 m/16,109 ft).
Today, you’ll set out on a trek that takes you through the remnants of the once-vast Gorak Shep Lake. The journey begins with a traverse over rocky dunes, moraine, and streams, setting the stage for the adventure ahead. As you progress, you’ll navigate a narrow track that hugs the mountainside, just a few feet wide and several hundred meters above the ground. The trek from Lobuche to Gorak Shep will take you approximately two hours to cover. Once you reach Gorak Shep (5,14o m/16,864 ft), you’ll continue toward Pumo Ri Base Camp. After navigating the rocky and rugged path, you will finally arrive at Base Camp (5,300 m/17,388 ft). Here, your Sherpa guides and staff will set up all the necessary tents, including sleeping, dining, and other tents. They will also serve you freshly prepared, highly nutritious meals designed to keep you energized in the high-altitude environment.
The Puja ceremony is an important tradition observed by Sherpas and international climbers before beginning their ascent. During this religious ritual, climbers seek permission from the mountain to climb and ask for the safety of everyone involved in the expedition. At Pumo Ri Base Camp, you will take part in a prayer ceremony to seek blessings for a safe and successful climb. This significant event will create a positive atmosphere for your expedition. After the ceremony, you’ll engage in preparation and climbing training, ensuring you have the skills and knowledge necessary for the ascent. Your experienced guides will offer valuable insights and techniques to enhance climbing experience. During this time, you’ll participate in brief training sessions focused on using mountaineering gear and equipment, as well as practicing walking with fixed ropes. This preparation will ensure you’re fully equipped and confident for the challenges ahead. You’ll have the chance to practice these skills on the slopes just outside camp, honing your techniques for managing overhanging ice and the challenges of high-altitude climbing. Meanwhile, the Sherpa team will be busy fixing ropes higher up the mountain to create safe routes for everyone. During the climbing period, you’ll engage in rotation climbs between camps. This involves ascending to higher camps for acclimatization and then returning to lower camps to rest, allowing your body to adjust to the altitude and prepare for the summit attempt. The Sherpas will establish routes, set up fixed lines, and assess conditions to enhance safety and success. On the day of the climb, you will begin our ascent early in the morning, taking advantage of the calmer and more predictable morning weather. However, there must be respect for the unpredictability of nature. You will ascend via the southeast ridge, starting from the Khumbu region. Base Camp is located at 5,300 meters (17,388 feet). The next leg involves crossing icy terrain and sharp ridges for 4 to 5 hours to reach Camp I (5,650 m/18,537 ft). From Camp I, you will tackle a 40 to 60-degree snow face to arrive at Camp II (6,200 meters/20,341 feet). Continuing from Camp II, you will navigate more ice and crevasses before reaching Camp III (6,500 meters/21,325 feet), which serves as the launch point for your summit attempt. Your main challenges will be altitude sickness and maintaining the mental and physical resolve needed for the climb. From the summit of Pumori, climbers can enjoy breathtaking panoramic views of Mount Everest, Lhotse, Makalu, Cho Oyu, Nuptse, and numerous other snow-capped peaks. The main draw of climbing Mt. Pumori is the breathtaking views it provides, particularly of Mt. Everest, along with stunning vistas toward Tibet and the Rongbuk Glacier. Starting early in the morning offers the chance to witness a stunning sunrise that bathes the snow in golden hues, creating an unforgettable scene. Reaching the summit is just one part of the journey; the descent can often be the most challenging aspect of climbing. You’ll need to stay focused and carefully use your abseiling skills on the way down. While you celebrate your achievement at the top, if the weather is good, you might have 30 to 60 minutes to take in the breathtaking panoramic views of the Himalayas. Your guiding team will let you know when it’s time to start descending, as it’s important to refuel and regain energy for a safe return to either Camp II or Camp I. Many incidents occur during the descent, so staying vigilant and cautious is crucial. A spare summit day is included in the schedule just in case. Ultimately, your team will return to Base Camp, wrapping up the expedition.
As responsible travelers, you and your team will take the time to clean up the area, ensuring that you leave no trace behind and helping to preserve the pristine environment of the Himalayas. Once you’ve completed the cleanup, you will prepare for the trek back to Pheriche. This transition marks the beginning of your journey back, allowing you to reflect on the incredible experiences and challenges you’ve faced. The descent will not only provide a chance to unwind but also serve as an opportunity to share stories and bond with your teammates before heading toward your next destination. For those who enjoy trekking, you can opt to trek back to Pheriche (4,240 m/13,911 ft), taking the opportunity to explore the beautiful surrounding areas along the way. If you’re pressed for time or prefer to return to Kathmandu more quickly, you also have the option to take a helicopter flight back to the city for a nominal additional fee. This provides flexibility to tailor your journey based on your preferences and schedule.
Today’s trek is mostly downhill. You continue to follow the river and after crossing it, climb back up through birch and rhododendron forest to Tengboche. Kwangde, Tawoche, Everest, Nuptse, Lhotse, Ama Dablam, Kantega and Thamserku are just a few of the Himalayan giants to be seen. From Tengboche you descend to the bridge over Imja River. At Phungi Thanga, you get to see the water driven prayer wheels, before making our way back to Namche Bazar (3,440 m/11,286 ft).
Our final day’s trek follows the Dudh Koshi back down to Lukla (2,840 m/9,318 ft). This last evening calls for a celebration. You have a party with your Sherpa guides and porters. You sample some ‘Chhyang’ (local beer) and try out some Sherpa dance steps. Altogether an end to a memorable trip on a merry note!
As your trek has concluded, you pack up early and head for the airstrip to hop a flight back to Ramechhap (494 m/1,620 ft). And you will be transferred to Kathmandu (1,340 m/4,396 ft) by the private vehicle. The rest of your day is free to do your own things. You could do some last-minute shopping and packing, or even go down for a stroll in Thamel, an internationally known hub for tourists in Asia.
This is a contingency day in case of Lukla flight delays. If you have free time, you can let go the strains of your trekking in the Himalaya. You can explore around the Heritage sites in the city, stroll down the streets of Thamel for local cultural experience, visit nearby monasteries, relax at a nearby spa centers or do some souvenir haunting in the local bazar.
Our support team will take you to the airport for your flight back home. (Or stay longer for short tours such as jungle tours at National Parks, do some wild-water rafting, a Tibet tour or even mountain biking, etc.). Please ask us.
The Everest or Khumbu region lies in the eastern part of Nepal. Inhabited by the mountain people who have lived in harmony with their surroundings for hundreds of years, the Khumbu region has still retained its age-old practices. The region has some of the world’s tallest peaks including Everest (8,848.86 m/29,031.69 ft). This region, along with Annapurna region, is ranked as one of the most popular trekking destinations in Nepal. The villages and places lying in this region are situated above 2,000 meters (6,562 feet). Solu region at the south includes villages like Junbesi, Phaplu and Chiwong. Pharak is situated between Solu and Khumbu. Khumbu includes villages named Namche, Thame, Khumjung, Lobuche, Pangboche, Tengboche, etc. The major mountains are Everest, Lhotse, Cho Oyu, Nuptse, Pumori, Ama Dablam, Thamserku, Khantega, Mera Peak, Imja Tse (Island Peak), Lintren, Cholatse, Lobuche, etc.
Sagarmatha National Park is the highest national park in the world. It was formally opened to public in July 19, 1976. The park covers an area of 1,148 sq km. It rises from its lowest point of 2,845 m (9335 ft) at Jorsale to 8,848.86 m (29,031.69 ft) up to the summit of Everest. The park’s area is very rugged and steep, with its terrain cut by deep rivers and glaciers. It includes three peaks higher than 8,000 m – Mt. Everest (8,848.86 m/29,031.69 ft), Lhotse (8,516 m/27,940 ft) and Cho Oyu (8,201 m/26,906 ft). In 1979 the park was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The park’s visitor centre is located at a hill in Namche Bazar, the fabled town of Everest trekking. The park’s southern entrance is a few hundred metres north of Monjo at 2,835 m/9,301 ft. Sagarmatha Pollution Control Committee (SPCC), funded by the World Wildlife Fund and the Himalayan Trust, was established in 1991 to help preserve Everest’s environment. More than 118 species of birds such as the Impeyan pheasant and snow cock and more than twenty species of butterflies have made this park their home. Musk deer, wild yak, red panda, snow leopard, Himalayan black bear, Himalayan thars, deer, langur monkeys, hares, mountain foxes, martens, and Himalayan wolves are found in the park.
The climate you experience during the Everest Base Camp Trek can be divided into four climate zones owing to the gradual rise in altitude. The climatic zones include a forested lower zone, a zone of alpine scrub, the upper alpine zone which includes upper limit of vegetation growth, and the Arctic zone where no plants can grow. The types of plants and animals that are found depend on the altitude. In the lower forested zone, birch, juniper, blue pines, firs, bamboo and rhododendron are found. All vegetation that is found above this zone is shrubs. As the altitude increases, plant life is restricted to lichens and mosses. At an elevation of 5,750m begins the permanent snow line in the Himalayas. From this point there is no sign of greenery or vegetation. A common animal sighted in the higher reaches is the hairy animal yak. Dzokyo (Jopkyo) a sterile male crossbreed between a yak and a cow is used to transport goods along the trail. Red panda, snow leopard, musk deer, wild yak, and Himalayan black bear are some of the exotic animals that are found in this region. A variety of birds can be sighted in the lower regions.
Mt. Everest (Sagarmatha)
Rising to the height of 8,848.86 m (29,031.69 ft), the world’s highest mountain that was named in 1865 after Sir George Everest. The mountain got its Nepali name Sagarmatha during 1960s, when the Government of Nepal gave the mountain the official Nepali name. In Sanskrit Sagarmatha means “Head of the Sky”. The Tibetan name for Mount Everest is Chomolungma or Qomolangma, which means “Goddess Mother of the Snows”. Climbers wishing to scale the peak have to obtain an expensive permit from the Nepal Government. More information on royalty can be found at https://www.tourismdepartment.gov.np/mountaineering-royalty. Everest Base Camp, which serves as a resting area and base of operations for climbers organizing their attempts for the summit, is located at the Khumbu glacier at an elevation of 5,364 m (17,598 ft). It receives an average of 450 mm (18 in) of precipitation a year. The climate of Mount Everest is extreme. In July, the warmest month, the average summit temperature is -19 °C (-2 °F).
Lhotse
Lhotse (8,516 m/27,940 ft) is the fourth highest mountain in the world. It lies south of Mt. Everest. Two Swiss climbers F. Luchsinger and E. Reiss first climbed it in 1956 from the West face. Czech expedition led by Ivan Galfy scaled it via the South face in 1984. An impressive ring of three peaks makes up the Lhotse massif: Lhotse East or Middle, Lhotse and Lhotse Shar. The South Face of Lhotse is one of the largest mountain faces in the world.
Cho Oyu
Cho Oyu (8,201 m/26,906 ft) the sixth highest mountain in the world, has gained popularity among climbers just recently. The mountain sits on both sides of the border of Nepal and Tibet, about 30 km. west of Mount Everest. Cho Oyu in Tibetan means “the turquoise goddess.” The south face of Cho Oyu, facing Nepal, is quite steep and difficult, and is rarely climbed. The north side, accessed from Tibet, is more moderate, and there is a relatively safe route to the summit. In the autumn of 1954, an Austrian team made the first ascent via this route.
Nuptse
Nuptse (7,855 m/25,771 ft) lies southwest of Mt. Everest. It is situated in the Khumbu Himal. From the Tengboche Monastery, one of the iconic monasteries in Everest trek, Nuptse appears as a massive wall guarding the approach to Everest. The name Nup-tse in Tibetan means west peak. The main ridge, which is separated from Lhotse by a 7,556 m (24,790 ft) high saddle, is crowned by seven peaks and goes west-northwest until its steep west-face drops down more than 2300 m to the Khumbu-glacier. Nuptse was first climbed on May 16, 1961, by Dennis Davis and Tashi Sherpa via the North Ridge during a British expedition led by Joe Walmsley.
Pumori
Pumori (7,161 m/23,494 ft) is just 8 km away from the world’s highest peak Mt. Everest. The magnificent view of the peak dominates the trail as you near Everest Base Camp. The ascent to this peak is described as a classic climb in the 7,000 m (22,966 ft) peak category. In Tibetan, ‘Pumo’ means girl and ‘Ri’, mountain. George Mallory, the famous English climber who lost his life trying to ascend Everest in 1924, named the peak. The German climber Gerhard Lenser was the first to reach the summit of Pumori in May 17, 1962. Pumori is a popular climbing peak.
Ama Dablam
Ama Dablam (6,814 m/22,356 ft) which means ‘mother’s necklace’, in Sherpa language is considered to be one of the most beautiful mountains in the world. It looks like a woman with outstretched arms or a woman wearing a long necklace. The mountain dominates the whole Everest Base Camp trek. Ama Dablam lies alongside Everest in the heart of the Khumbu Valley. Mt Lhotse, Mt. Makalu, Mt. Cho Oyu and Mt. Everest can be seen at close quarters from Ama Dablam. Ama Dablam is considered to be a technical mountain to climb. Due to its towering ridges and steep faces, Ama Dablam is often called the “Matterhorn of the Himalayas.” Ama Dablam was first summited on March 13, 1961, by Mike Gill (New Zealand), Barry Bishop (USA), Mike Ward (UK), and Wally Romanes (New Zealand), who reached the peak via the Southwest Ridge.
Mera Peak
Mera Peak (6,470 m/21,227 ft) is the highest of Nepal’s trekking peaks. By its standard route, it is also the highest peak in Nepal that can be climbed without prior mountaineering experience. J.O.M. Roberts and Sen Tenzing first climbed it on 20 May 1953, from the standard route at Mera La. The mountain lies to the south of Everest, dominating the watershed between the wild and beautiful valleys of the Hinku and Hongu.
Imja Tse (Island Peak)
Imja Tse (6,165 m/20,226 ft) also known as Island Peak is another notable peak in Khumbu region. The peak was named Island Peak in 1953 by members of the British Mount Everest expedition because it appears as an island in a sea of ice when viewed from Dingboche. In 1983, the peak was officially renamed Imja Tse, but Island Peak remains the more popular name. It is actually an extension of the ridge descending from the southern end of Lhotse Shar (8,400 m/27,559 ft). The main land forms a semicircle of cliffs that rise to the north of the summits of Nuptse, Lhotse, Middle Peak and Lhotse Shar. Cho Oyu and Makalu lie to the east of the Island Peak. Baruntse, Amphu and Ama Dablam lie to the south. A British group as preparation for climbing Mt. Everest first climbed the peak in 1953.
Lobuje
Lobuje (also spelled Lobuche) is a known as Lhauche among the locals. Lobuche, is a mountain in Nepal located near the Khumbu Glacier and the settlement of Lobuche. It has two main peaks: Lobuche East (6,090 m/19,980 ft) and Lobuche West (6,135 m/20,128 ft). Lobuche East is classified as a “trekking peak” and Lobuche West as an “expedition peak.” As the easier of the two, Lobuche East is climbed more frequently. A long, deeply notched ridge separates the two peaks, and the challenging terrain makes it impossible to approach Lobuche West from the East peak. The first recorded ascent of Lobuche East was made by Laurence Nielson and Ang Gyalzen Sherpa on April 25, 1984, while Lobuche West was first climbed in 1955 via the South
Lhotse
Lhotse (8,516 m/27,940 ft) is the fourth highest mountain in the world. It lies south of Mt. Everest. Two Swiss climbers F. Luchsinger and E. Reiss first climbed it in 1956 from the West face. Czech expedition led by Ivan Galfy scaled it via the South face in 1984. An impressive ring of three peaks makes up the Lhotse massif: Lhotse East or Middle, Lhotse and Lhotse Shar. The South Face of Lhotse is one of the largest mountain faces in the world.
Cho Oyu
Cho Oyu (8,201 m/26,906 ft) the sixth highest mountain in the world, has gained popularity among climbers just recently. The mountain sits on both sides of the border of Nepal and Tibet, about 30 km. west of Mount Everest. Cho Oyu in Tibetan means “the turquoise goddess.” The south face of Cho Oyu, facing Nepal, is quite steep and difficult, and is rarely climbed. The north side, accessed from Tibet, is more moderate, and there is a relatively safe route to the summit. In the autumn of 1954, an Austrian team made the first ascent via this route.
Nuptse
Nuptse (7,855 m/25,771 ft) lies southwest of Mt. Everest. It is situated in the Khumbu Himal. From the Tengboche Monastery, one of the iconic monasteries in Everest trek, Nuptse appears as a massive wall guarding the approach to Everest. The name Nup-tse in Tibetan means west peak. The main ridge, which is separated from Lhotse by a 7,556 m (24,790 ft) high saddle, is crowned by seven peaks and goes west-northwest until its steep west-face drops down more than 2300 m to the Khumbu-glacier. Nuptse was first climbed on May 16, 1961, by Dennis Davis and Tashi Sherpa via the North Ridge during a British expedition led by Joe Walmsley.
Pumori
Pumori (7,161 m/23,494 ft) is just 8 km away from the world’s highest peak Mt. Everest. The magnificent view of the peak dominates the trail as you near Everest Base Camp. The ascent to this peak is described as a classic climb in the 7,000 m (22,966 ft) peak category. In Tibetan, ‘Pumo’ means girl and ‘Ri’, mountain. George Mallory, the famous English climber who lost his life trying to ascend Everest in 1924, named the peak. The German climber Gerhard Lenser was the first to reach the summit of Pumori in May 17, 1962. Pumori is a popular climbing peak.
Ama Dablam
Ama Dablam (6,814 m/22,356 ft) which means ‘mother’s necklace’, in Sherpa language is considered to be one of the most beautiful mountains in the world. It looks like a woman with outstretched arms or a woman wearing a long necklace. The mountain dominates the whole Everest Base Camp trek. Ama Dablam lies alongside Everest in the heart of the Khumbu Valley. Mt Lhotse, Mt. Makalu, Mt. Cho Oyu and Mt. Everest can be seen at close quarters from Ama Dablam. Ama Dablam is considered to be a technical mountain to climb. Due to its towering ridges and steep faces, Ama Dablam is often called the “Matterhorn of the Himalayas.” Ama Dablam was first summited on March 13, 1961, by Mike Gill (New Zealand), Barry Bishop (USA), Mike Ward (UK), and Wally Romanes (New Zealand), who reached the peak via the Southwest Ridge.
Mera Peak
Mera Peak (6,470 m/21,227 ft) is the highest of Nepal’s trekking peaks. By its standard route, it is also the highest peak in Nepal that can be climbed without prior mountaineering experience. J.O.M. Roberts and Sen Tenzing first climbed it on 20 May 1953, from the standard route at Mera La. The mountain lies to the south of Everest, dominating the watershed between the wild and beautiful valleys of the Hinku and Hongu.
Imja Tse (Island Peak)
Imja Tse (6,165 m/20,226 ft) also known as Island Peak is another notable peak in Khumbu region. The peak was named Island Peak in 1953 by members of the British Mount Everest expedition because it appears as an island in a sea of ice when viewed from Dingboche. In 1983, the peak was officially renamed Imja Tse, but Island Peak remains the more popular name. It is actually an extension of the ridge descending from the southern end of Lhotse Shar (8,400 m/27,559 ft). The main land forms a semicircle of cliffs that rise to the north of the summits of Nuptse, Lhotse, Middle Peak and Lhotse Shar. Cho Oyu and Makalu lie to the east of the Island Peak. Baruntse, Amphu and Ama Dablam lie to the south. A British group as preparation for climbing Mt. Everest first climbed the peak in 1953.
Lobuje
Lobuje (also spelled Lobuche) is a known as Lhauche among the locals. Lobuche, is a mountain in Nepal located near the Khumbu Glacier and the settlement of Lobuche. It has two main peaks: Lobuche East (6,090 m/19,980 ft) and Lobuche West (6,135 m/20,128 ft). Lobuche East is classified as a “trekking peak” and Lobuche West as an “expedition peak.” As the easier of the two, Lobuche East is climbed more frequently. A long, deeply notched ridge separates the two peaks, and the challenging terrain makes it impossible to approach Lobuche West from the East peak. The first recorded ascent of Lobuche East was made by Laurence Nielson and Ang Gyalzen Sherpa on April 25, 1984, while Lobuche West was first climbed in 1955 via the Sout
Lhotse
Lhotse (8,516 m/27,940 ft) is the fourth highest mountain in the world. It lies south of Mt. Everest. Two Swiss climbers F. Luchsinger and E. Reiss first climbed it in 1956 from the West face. Czech expedition led by Ivan Galfy scaled it via the South face in 1984. An impressive ring of three peaks makes up the Lhotse massif: Lhotse East or Middle, Lhotse and Lhotse Shar. The South Face of Lhotse is one of the largest mountain faces in the world.
Cho Oyu
Cho Oyu (8,201 m/26,906 ft) the sixth highest mountain in the world, has gained popularity among climbers just recently. The mountain sits on both sides of the border of Nepal and Tibet, about 30 km. west of Mount Everest. Cho Oyu in Tibetan means “the turquoise goddess.” The south face of Cho Oyu, facing Nepal, is quite steep and difficult, and is rarely climbed. The north side, accessed from Tibet, is more moderate, and there is a relatively safe route to the summit. In the autumn of 1954, an Austrian team made the first ascent via this route.
Nuptse
Nuptse (7,855 m/25,771 ft) lies southwest of Mt. Everest. It is situated in the Khumbu Himal. From the Tengboche Monastery, one of the iconic monasteries in Everest trek, Nuptse appears as a massive wall guarding the approach to Everest. The name Nup-tse in Tibetan means west peak. The main ridge, which is separated from Lhotse by a 7,556 m (24,790 ft) high saddle, is crowned by seven peaks and goes west-northwest until its steep west-face drops down more than 2300 m to the Khumbu-glacier. Nuptse was first climbed on May 16, 1961, by Dennis Davis and Tashi Sherpa via the North Ridge during a British expedition led by Joe Walmsley.
Pumori
Pumori (7,161 m/23,494 ft) is just 8 km away from the world’s highest peak Mt. Everest. The magnificent view of the peak dominates the trail as you near Everest Base Camp. The ascent to this peak is described as a classic climb in the 7,000 m (22,966 ft) peak category. In Tibetan, ‘Pumo’ means girl and ‘Ri’, mountain. George Mallory, the famous English climber who lost his life trying to ascend Everest in 1924, named the peak. The German climber Gerhard Lenser was the first to reach the summit of Pumori in May 17, 1962. Pumori is a popular climbing peak.
Ama Dablam
Ama Dablam (6,814 m/22,356 ft) which means ‘mother’s necklace’, in Sherpa language is considered to be one of the most beautiful mountains in the world. It looks like a woman with outstretched arms or a woman wearing a long necklace. The mountain dominates the whole Everest Base Camp trek. Ama Dablam lies alongside Everest in the heart of the Khumbu Valley. Mt Lhotse, Mt. Makalu, Mt. Cho Oyu and Mt. Everest can be seen at close quarters from Ama Dablam. Ama Dablam is considered to be a technical mountain to climb. Due to its towering ridges and steep faces, Ama Dablam is often called the “Matterhorn of the Himalayas.” Ama Dablam was first summited on March 13, 1961, by Mike Gill (New Zealand), Barry Bishop (USA), Mike Ward (UK), and Wally Romanes (New Zealand), who reached the peak via the Southwest Ridge.
Mera Peak
Mera Peak (6,470 m/21,227 ft) is the highest of Nepal’s trekking peaks. By its standard route, it is also the highest peak in Nepal that can be climbed without prior mountaineering experience. J.O.M. Roberts and Sen Tenzing first climbed it on 20 May 1953, from the standard route at Mera La. The mountain lies to the south of Everest, dominating the watershed between the wild and beautiful valleys of the Hinku and Hongu.
Imja Tse (Island Peak)
Imja Tse (6,165 m/20,226 ft) also known as Island Peak is another notable peak in Khumbu region. The peak was named Island Peak in 1953 by members of the British Mount Everest expedition because it appears as an island in a sea of ice when viewed from Dingboche. In 1983, the peak was officially renamed Imja Tse, but Island Peak remains the more popular name. It is actually an extension of the ridge descending from the southern end of Lhotse Shar (8,400 m/27,559 ft). The main land forms a semicircle of cliffs that rise to the north of the summits of Nuptse, Lhotse, Middle Peak and Lhotse Shar. Cho Oyu and Makalu lie to the east of the Island Peak. Baruntse, Amphu and Ama Dablam lie to the south. A British group as preparation for climbing Mt. Everest first climbed the peak in 1953.
Lobuje
Lobuje (also spelled Lobuche) is a known as Lhauche among the locals. Lobuche, is a mountain in Nepal located near the Khumbu Glacier and the settlement of Lobuche. It has two main peaks: Lobuche East (6,090 m/19,980 ft) and Lobuche West (6,135 m/20,128 ft). Lobuche East is classified as a “trekking peak” and Lobuche West as an “expedition peak.” As the easier of the two, Lobuche East is climbed more frequently. A long, deeply notched ridge separates the two peaks, and the challenging terrain makes it impossible to approach Lobuche West from the East peak. The first recorded ascent of Lobuche East was made by Laurence Nielson and Ang Gyalzen Sherpa on April 25, 1984, while Lobuche West was first climbed in 1955 via the South Shoulder.
Lukla
Lukla, a popular town in Khumbu, boasts of the region’s sole commercial airport. Lying at a height of 2,840 m (9,318 ft), the town is known as the gateway of Everest treks as most trekkers usually begin and end their Everest adventure in Lukla. The airport was built in 1964 by Sir Edmund Hillary as part of his project in Khumbu region during the early 60s to transport the supplies for the Himalayan Trust projects in the Khumbu region. Today, somewhere between 90-95% of the foreign nationals who reach Lukla, arrive by a half hour flight from Kathmandu.
Namche Bazar
Namche Bazar is known as the Sherpa capital. It is a famous center for everyone doing Everest trekking. Namche is actually a town lying at the junction of the Dudh Koshi and a valley that leads to the frontier pass of Nangpa La. It is tucked away in a niche at a height of 3,440 m (11,286 ft). W. H. Tilman and C. Houston were the first westerners to enter it in 1950 and many more have come since then. Facilities like a bank, a post office, hotels and shops where one can purchase climbing equipment as well as canned food have sprung up over the years. Namche Bazar is the major regional trading center. Its Saturday market or Haat is the place where most of the trading takes place. The headquarters of the Sagarmatha National Park is located in Namche Bazar.
Tengboche
Tengboche (3,860m/12,664 ft) is famous for Tengboche Gumba (monastery). It is one of the most important centers of Buddhism in the region. The gumba is the largest one you see during your Everest Base Camp trek. It was first built in 1923. Destroyed by a fire in 1989, it was rebuilt later on partly with foreign aid. From Tengboche, one gets a panoramic view of Kwangde, Tawoche, Everest, Nuptse, Lhotse, Amadablam, Khangtega, and Thamserku.
Pangboche
Buddhism is believed to have been introduced in the Khumbu region towards the end of the 17th century by Lama Sange Dorjee. According to the legend, he flew over the Himalayas and landed on a rock at Pangboche and Tengboche, leaving his footprints embedded on the stone. He is believed to have been responsible for the founding of the first gumbas in the Khumbu region, at Pangboche and Thame. Pangboche (3,930 m/12,894 ft) is the highest year-round settlement in the valley. The Imja Khola, coming from the right, joins the Dudh Koshi River a little above the village. The gumba (monastery) in Pangboche is consideredto be one of the oldest in the Khumbu region.
Khumjung
Khumjung (3,780 m/12,402 ft), a village lying west of Tengboche, is famous for the gumba where the skull of a supposed Yeti, the Abominable Snowman, is preserved under the supervision of the head Lama. The skull seems more like the outer skin of Himalayan Brown Bear, and this is proved by the report of a scientific exploratory expedition conducted by Sir Edmund Hillary, a copy of which is kept in the gumba.
Pheriche
Pheriche is located at an altitude of 4,240 meters (13,911 feet). It lies on a level patch. Apart from the basic facilities available here, there is a medical-aid post maintained by the Himalayan Rescue Association of the Tokyo Medical College with Japanese doctors in attendance. Among other facilities, there is an air compression chamber installed for assisting victims of high altitude sickness.
Kala Patthar
Kala Patthar, meaning ‘black rock’, is a notable feature on the south ridge of Pumori in the Khumbu region, situated above Gorak Shep. Although it is not a true mountain, with a prominence of just 10 m (33 ft), it is a popular trekking destination because it provides the closest and most accessible views of Mount Everest. From Kala Patthar, trekkers can enjoy breathtaking views of Everest, Nuptse, and Changtse, as well as partial views of Lhotse’s northern face and summit. Other 6,000-meter peaks visible from Kala Patthar include Ama Dablam, Chumbu, Thamserku, Kangtega, and Lobuche. Kala Patthar is the highest altitude most trekkers will reach during Everest Base Camp trek.
Everest Base Camp
Everest Base Camp (EBC) is the iconic starting point for those venturing to the summit of Mt. Everest. It is also a thrilling destination in its own right. Situated at 5,364 meters (17,598 feet) in Khumbu region, EBC offers an unparalleled experience of the Himalayas, attracting trekkers from around the globe eager to witness the grandeur of the world’s highest mountain up close. Everest Base Camp is not a traditional base camp with luxurious amenities but rather a vibrant collection of tents and temporary lodges that accommodate climbers. The site itself offers a dramatic view of the Khumbu Icefall and the towering peaks surrounding Everest. The surrounding peaks and the sprawling Khumbu Glacier create a breathtaking and otherworldly landscape.
Sherpas live in the upper regions of Solu Khumbu, the area that largely fall in Everest trekking trail. They emigrated from Tibet about 600 years ago. In the past they were traders and porters, carrying butter, meat, rice, sugar, and dye from India; and wool, jewelry, salt, Chinese silk and porcelain from Tibet and beyond. The closure of the border between India and China undermined their economy. Fortunately, with the mountaineering expeditions and trekkers, the Sherpa’s found their load carrying skills, both on normal treks and high altitudes in great demand. Now, these able bodied, hardy and fearless Sherpa are world class climbers known for their amazing climbing prowess. They are such an inseparable part of mountaineering and trekking in Nepal that any climbers and trekkers can rarely imagine doing a Himalayan adventure without their support.
At the lower elevations lives the Kiranti Rai. The villages of Jubing, Kharikhola, Okhaldhunga, are inhabited by the Rais. Of mongoloid stock, they speak their own dialect. Reference of their fighting spirit is made in the Hindu epic Mahabharata. The people from this group have supplied recruits to Gurkha regiments both in the British as well as Indian armies. The Rais follow a religion that is partly animistic with some Hindu influence. They revere their ancestors by observing Kul or Pitri puja every year. The Jirels live in the area around Jiri. They are mongoloid and follow Buddhism.
Loshar
Lhosar is celebrated in the month of February by the Sherpas. ‘Lhosar’ means New Year in Tibetan language. Apart from the Sherpas and Tibetans, the Gurungs and Tamangs also celebrate Lhosar. Buddhist monks offer prayers for good health and prosperity at monasteries. People exchange various goods and gifts among them. Families organize feasts and perform dances.
Dumje
Dumje is celebrated to mark the birthday of Guru Rimpoche (Padmasambhava). The celebration takes place in June and lasts for six days. It is celebrated in a grand way in the villages of Namche, Thame and Khumjung, all important stopovers during Everest trekking.
Mani Rimdu
Mani Rimdu is a festival that celebrates the victory of Buddhism over the ancient animistic religion of Bon. This festival is celebrated in the monasteries of Tengboche, Chiwang and Thame. At Tengboche, the most iconic monastery of the Everest trek, the celebration takes place during full moon of November – December. At Thame, Mani Rimdu is celebrated during full moon in May. Chiwang Gompa generally celebrates this festival during autumn. The Lamas wear elaborate brocade gowns and masks while performing. Through the dances, symbolic demons are conquered, dispelled, or converted to Dharma Protectors as positive forces clash with those of chaos. The dances convey Buddhist teaching on many levels from the simplest to the most profound, for those who do not have the opportunity to study and meditate extensively. It gives an opportunity to the Sherpas to gather and celebrate together with the monks.
Sakela (Chandi Dance)
Sakela (Chandi Dance) is a harvest festival celebrated by the Rai community. The harvest ceremony involves the worship of mother earth, called ‘Bhumi-Puja’. The festival is celebrated twice a year, once in spring before planting begins and once during autumn before harvesting. Ubhauli is celebrated during the spring season on Baishakh Purnima (full moon). In the autumn season on Mangsir Purnima, Udhauli is celebrated. The spring worship is done to propitiate mother earth for a good harvest and the rain god to bless the earth with enough rain. The festival is celebrated with more fervor in the remote hills. The Rai villagers celebrate it with priests (dhami) who perform rituals to worship their ancestors. The elders of the community begin the dance with a puja. Later on everybody participate in the dance forming a circle by holding each other’s hands. With drumbeats, they begin dancing at a slow pace but moves faster later with the drumbeats. The dance steps and hand gestures imitate the sowing and harvesting of crops. The festival also provides an opportunity for the Rai people to socialize.
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