Kathmandu
Kathmandu
Tea House/Lodges
3 Course Meals (B, L, D)
Moderate
4100 m/13451 ft
Trekking and Cultural Immersion
Remote Highlands, Awe-Inspiring Landscapes, Ancient Tibetan Monasteries,
Shimmering Phoksundo Lake, Ancient Tibetan Villages, and the Rugged Beauty of High-Altitude
Phoksundo Lake Trek invites you to set out on an enchanting journey to discover the serene beauty of Phoksundo Lake in Nepal’s hidden Dolpa region
The Phoksundo Lake Trek is an enchanting journey through the remote Dolpa region of Nepal, combining stunning natural beauty, diverse wildlife, and rich cultural experiences. Nestled within the Shey Phoksundo National Park, this trek is famous for its deep blue lake, Phoksundo, which is one of the deepest and most picturesque in Nepal.
As trekkers make their way through lush forests, towering mountains, and charming villages, they are treated to breathtaking views of the striking turquoise waters of Phoksundo Lake, framed by snow-capped peaks. There is a unique opportunity to immerse oneself in the local culture, exploring traditional Tibetan Buddhist villages, ancient monasteries, and interacting with the warm-hearted locals.
The trek is also a chance to experience the region’s rich biodiversity, as the area is home to wildlife such as elusive snow leopard, blue sheep and Himalayan tahr, along with a variety of bird species. The trek generally begins in Juphal, which is accessible by a short flight from Nepalgunj, and winds through enchanting landscapes, culminating at the serene Phoksundo Lake.
Phoksundo Lake trek is more than just a trek; it offers an immersive experience into the heart of Nepal’s natural and cultural treasures. Whether seeking solitude in nature, adventure in the mountains, or a glimpse into Tibetan Buddhist culture, this trek promises a memorable and transformative journey.
Welcome to Kathmandu, the bustling capital of Nepal! The flight into Kathmandu is a visual feast, with glimpses of snow-capped peaks and verdant valleys that promise an unforgettable journey. Upon arrival at Tribhuvan International Airport, you’ll be greeted by our warm and professional team who will assist you through the arrival process and transfer you to your luxurious hotel. After settling in, you’ll have a briefing about your exciting itinerary, ensuring you’re well-prepared for the adventures ahead. Enjoy a relaxing evening in this vibrant city, soaking in the cultural atmosphere.
Kathmandu, a city rich in history and culture, is your gateway to Nepal’s treasures. Begin your day with a guided tour of Pashupatinath Temple, one of the holiest Hindu sites dedicated to Lord Shiva. Experience the spiritual atmosphere and observe traditional rituals along the sacred Bagmati River. Next, visit Boudhanath Stupa, the largest and one of the most important Buddhist stupas in Nepal, surrounded by bustling monasteries and vibrant prayer flags. In the afternoon, explore Patan Durbar Square, a masterpiece of Malla-era architecture, where you’ll marvel at intricate temples such as Mahabouddha, Kumbeshwor, Krishna, and the Golden Temple. This day offers a rich tapestry of religious and cultural experiences, providing insight into Kathmandu’s diverse heritage.
You start your trip to Phoksundo Lake by taking a flight to Nepalgunj. The flight from Kathmandu to Nepalgunj takes about 50 minutes. You’ll need to stay overnight in Nepalgunj, as the flight from there to Juphal departs before any flights from Kathmandu arrive. There’s not much to do in Nepalgunj, so we recommend choosing a mid-afternoon flight to minimize your waiting time and we’ll manage the flights accordingly.
Today’s morning flight will take you to Juphal (2500 m / 8202 ft). Once you land, there’s not much to explore, so you’ll start your descent on a wide path that leads you through terraced fields. The trail will take you into a gentle gully before bringing you back out to more terraced fields, where it gets a bit steeper. You’ll notice the path heading towards a small cluster of buildings near the Thuli Bheri Khola (2080 m / 6824 ft). When you get to the river, follow the wide dirt road that was built as a service route between the airstrip and Dunai (2091 m / 6860 ft). There are tea houses in Dunai. Dunai is the main hub for both administration and trade in Dolpo.
Today you’ll trek from the town center of Dunai. From Dunai, head down to a suspension bridge and cross the Thuli Bheri Khola to reach another side of the bank. Turn left onto a trail that follows a barren hillside up to where the Suli Khola (aka Phoksundo Khola) joins the river. You’ll take the riverside path. Then you’ll reach Sulighat (2108 m / 6916 ft), where you’ll need to check in at the Shey Phoksundo National Park office. From Sulighat, continue along the bank of the river reach Kagni (2267 m / 7437 ft) where you’ll have your lunch. The trail crosses a suspension bridge to other side of the river at 2293 meters (7523 feet). In another hour, you’ll cross the river again at 2432 meters (7979 feet) to reach Shyanta (2484 m / 8150 ft). Shortly after, you’ll cross a large tributary, the Ankhe Khola to reach a micro hydro-station, and then the trail starts climbing to Chhepka (2660 m / 8727 ft), where you’ll find teahouses.
Just under 10 minutes past the walnut grove, you’ll reach the memorial of Thinley Lhundup Lama. The path then meanders through dense forest before crossing a tributary from your right and climbing a switchback trail to a broad grassy plateau. The pleasant flat stretch doesn’t last long, where you’ll descend to the river. Crossing the river you will reach Rechi (3033 m / 9951 ft). There are few tea houses at Rechi. From there, follow the bank towards Samduwa crossing the wooden bridge over Suli Khola to reach Samjhana Hotel (3100 m / 10171 ft).
Today you’ll trek to Rigmo Village. In a short time you’ll reach the Tapriza Secondary School. This school, founded by Swiss ethnologist Marietta Kind who spent one and half years in Ringmo. Passing Tapriza Secondary School you will cross a river at 3123 meters (10246 feet). After crossing the bridge, continue on the bank of the Phoksumdo/Phoksundo Khola (formerly the Suli Khola) for less than half hour to reach Jharana Hotel (3132 m / 10276 ft). From Jharana Hotel, the trail gently climbs along the bank of the Phoksumdo Khola on the hillside. Continue climbing through cedar and pine forest on the trail. You’ll encounter a long ascent past a small winter settlement called Polam (3266 m / 10715 ft), which is used by people of Rigmo as winter settlement. At Polam, there’s another national park check post. Passing Polam you’ll reach a rest hut at (3376 m / 11076 ft). The trail then continues up switchbacks to a slope offering stunning views of t a massive waterfall, Phoksundo Waterfall (3466 m / 11371), fed by the river’s headwaters. The path then passes through birch forest to the river’s clear headwaters before climbing gently towards Ringmo village (3641 m / 11946 ft), a Bon settlement.
Ringmo Village is a historical gem with roots stretching back centuries. It serves as a living museum, preserving the age-old ways of life through countless generations. The village’s cultural heritage is intricately linked to Tibetan traditions, reflected in its local customs, vibrant festivals, and traditional architecture. Ringmo Village boasts a distinctive architectural style, characterized by its traditional wooden and stone buildings with flat roofs and intricately carved windows. The design and structure of these homes reflect a strong Tibetan influence, offering a glimpse into an architectural heritage that has endured through the ages. The natural beauty surrounding Ringmo Village is truly awe-inspiring. Dominated by Lake Phoksundo, Nepal’s deepest lake, the area features stunning turquoise-blue waters that captivate the eye. Set against a backdrop of snow-capped peaks and lush greenery, the landscape exudes an otherworldly charm. Phoksundo Lake, also known as Phoksumdo Taal, is a RAMSAR-registered wetland, which means it is recognized for its importance to waterfowl habitat. It’s Nepal’s second deepest lake and the second largest in the country. On the southern shore of the lake sits Ringmo, a traditional Tibetan village known for its handmade crafts. About 1.5 kilometers from Ringmo, on the southeastern edge of the lake, stands the Pal Sentan Thason Chholing Gumba, which follows the Bon tradition. Youu should pass mani walls or chortens on your left and walk around a gumba in a counter-clockwise direction.
From Phoksundo/Rigmo, you’ll commence on a steep descent through the forest, following the banks of the Phoksundo River. The trail leads you past the breathtaking Phoksundo Waterfall, 1 167 m waterfall with magnificent view on the way, guiding you toward the winter settlements of Polam (3266m / 10715 ft) and to Jharana Hotel (3132 m / 10276 ft) where there is an Amchi Hospital. From there you’ll trek toward Samduwa (3087 m / 10128 ft). After you’ll cross the river and pass by Tapriza School (3125 m / 10252 ft), you’ll continue your journey through lush vegetation. Soon, you’ll arrive at Rechi (3033 m / 9951 ft), where you’ll begin to cross and re-cross the river multiple times as we navigate the narrow gorge. The undulating trail takes you upward and then downward through vibrant forests of bamboo and conifers, all within the lush landscape of Shey Phoksundo National Park, until you finally reach Chhepka (2660 m / 8727 ft).
On your final day of trekking, you’ll begin your descent from Chhepka, navigating through the valleys of Sangta (2484 m / 8150 ft) a. As you’ll continue along the trail, you’ll pass through the charming villages of Kageni (2267 m / 7437 ft) and the Suligad checkpost (2108 m / 6916 ft), making your way to Rupgad. Then, you’ll follow the meandering Thuli Bheri River until you reach Kalagauda. From there, you’ll commence on a climb up to Juphal (2500 m / 8202 ft), where you’ll conclude your incredible journey filled with breathtaking landscapes and unforgettable experiences.
From Juphal, fly back to Nepalgunj (158 m / 518 ft), and then catch a late morning or afternoon flight to Kathmandu (1340 m / 4396 ft).
This is a contingency day in case of Juphal flight delays. If you have free time, you can let go the strains of your trekking in the Himalaya. You can explore around the Heritage sites in the city, stroll down the streets of Thamel for local cultural experience, visit nearby monasteries, relax at a nearby spa centers or do some souvenir haunting in the local bazar.
Our support team will take you to the airport for your flight back home. (Or stay longer for short tours such as jungle tours at National Parks, do some wild-water rafting, a Tibet tour or even mountain biking, etc.). Please ask us.
The Trip Cost Includes
The Trip Cost Excludes
TRIP GRADE: Moderate (Grade 3)
The trek will be a long journey that takes us directly into high mountains, leading us to some of the renowned passes, and viewpoints. Physically quite tiring, involves approx. 6 – 8 hours trekking along rocky ridges and high passes of Himalayan peaks. No previous experience is required, you should be moderately fit, used to some regular exercises and enjoy walking in the high-altitude conditions.
TREKKING TYPES
Trekking in Nepal is categorized in three different types based on their way of organization (Camping Trek, Tea House Trek and GAP Trek). Everest Base Camp (EBC) Trek is organized in two ways (Tea House Trek and GAP Trek) due to the abundance of accommodation facilities available in the region.
Tea House Trek: This trek includes services like guide, food, accommodation in local Tea Houses and porters.
GAP Trek: This trek includes services like Guide (G), Accommodation (A) in the Tea Houses, and Porters (P). Food bills are to be paid directly by the client.
ACCOMMODATION
Trekking in Phoksundo region doesn’t need tremendous logistics in terms of accommodation as you will find plenty of clean and friendly lodges along the trail.
You often have to share rooms but you can also stay in single rooms where possible. Rooms are basic, normally just a bed with a pillow and blankets. A few have electric blanket, hot bags (luxury lodges) and all have a spacious dining room-lounge. We will accommodate you and your group in a comfortable local lodge each day. The Guide coordinates with the local lodge owners and a porter is sent ahead to book the required rooms for the group (rooms cannot always be booked in advance).
Please remember that some of them are very basic and a sense of adventure is necessary. It is cheaper to stay in lodge rather than organizing a camping trek.
FOOD
Lodge Trek: Meals are included in our price and are taken in lodges available along the trail. You can find a considerable variety of Nepali (rice, curry & lentil, momo, noodles, chapattis, etc.) and Western food (pizza, pasta, sandwich, chips, porridge, toast, pancake, soup, etc) as well as drinks (coffee, tea, milk, soft drinks, and beer). The Guide suggests you the best option as per the availability.
GAP Trek: You will have to make your own eating arrangements in the lodges available along the trail. Expect to spend around $ 25 – $ 30 a day for food. Guide, accommodation and porters are covered in the price.
WATER
You will be provided filtered water about 3 – 4 liters per person per day. The good thing about such water is it doesn’t smell chlorine. We normally use Sawyer Filters. However, you can also buy bottled water in tea houses. You can also bring water purification pills in case you want to drink water from local taps.
PERSONAL EXPENSES – MONEY TO TAKE ON TREK
Money requirement depends largely on type of trek style, duration and trekking region.
For Phoksundo Lake Trek, you can take about $ 200 – $ 300, more if you intend to get more table drinks (alcoholic/non-alcoholic beverages), snacks while walking (a few smaller shops are available along the trail in some areas), souvenirs, battery charge, internet, hot shower (available in some places) etc. We pay for your accommodation and meals at mountain hut (tea house) along the trail and bear all the expenses of staffs assigned by us. However, for extra bar bills, snacks, hot shower, battery charge, internet etc. you have to pay directly to lodge owner on the spot.
CHANGING MONEY
You can change money at your hotel or the money exchange counter in Kathmandu. Many Tourist class Hotels have money exchange facilities. These days, there is availability of ATMs everywhere in Kathmandu.
TIPS
Tips are appreciated by your support team after the completion of your trip. The amount depends on your budget and appreciation of their work. As a suggestion, we advise that you can allocate 5 – 10 % of the total tour cost as tips. It is recommended that you talk to the members and hand it over individually as per the hierarchy on the last day of the trek.
GROUP SIZE ON FIXED DEPARTURE
If you opt to join our ‘fixed departure trip’, you are likely to be joining people from different countries of any age group except minors. The size of group varies, minimum number of persons required to operate a trip is 2 and the maximum is 15 people.
For a Private Booking, any number size from 1 pax to 20 pax are acceptable and can be comfortably organized. We go for special planning for handling group size bigger than 20 pax.
GROUP LEADER AND CREW
All our trips are led by Government licensed local trekking guides. The guides have vast knowledge and have trekked the area multiple of times depending on the group size, the main guide will be accompanied by assistant guides.
We will also have a team of porters to carry your main gag. We provide 1 porter for 2 members, 15 kg allowance for each member.
COMMUNICATION
Communication during Phoksundo Lake Trek is not challenging but there are certain things to be considered. You can also use Ncell and NTC network (both for internet and mobile network) but they don’t work properly in some places as you go higher. Some Tea Houses / Lodges also provide Wi-Fi facilities. If it is crucial for you to keep in contact with your family or others, we can provide you a mobile satellite phone (rental charge on request).
FLIGHT / LAND TRANSFERS
The starting and ending point Upper Dolpo Circuit Trek is Juphal, which is connected by a 45 min flight from Nepalgunj. We will arrange flight and airport pick up and drop transfers as per the itinerary.
LUGGAGE WHILE TREKKING
During Phoksundo Lake Trek, your main luggage will be carried by porter. Please keep your luggage as light as possible around 12 kg to 15 kg for flight safety and porter welfare as per IPPG standard. You simply carry a day pack with water bottle, camera, sun-screen, spare jacket, etc. You can leave your valuable items at your hotel in Kathmandu while trekking. Many hotels have a locker system and provide a deposit slip for the valuables kept under the hotel’s safekeeping.
TYPICAL DAY ON TREK
A typical day while trekking in Nepal consists of about 6 – 8 hours of activity. Each morning after packing our bags and having a good breakfast, we set off on the day’s walk. After walking for 3 – 4 hours we stop for lunch at around midday. The afternoon’s walk is generally shorter and we usually arrive at our destination in time for afternoon tea. The remainder of the afternoon can be spent exploring the village, doing a bit of washing or simply relaxing with a good book. On some days, we will arrive at our destination by lunchtime and the entire afternoon will be free. After dinner, the evening will often be spent playing cards and reliving the day’s adventures, before heading off to bed for a well-earned sleep.
TREKKING GEARS AND EQUIPMENT
You will need walking boots, sleeping bag (4 seasons/-20 0C rated), waterproof jacket and trousers, fleece jacket, warm hat and gloves, sunglasses, water bottle, sun-screen and day pack. Comprehensive list of equipment will be provided once you book your trip. It’s not necessary to spend a lot of money buying extra equipment and clothing before your trip. Majority of these gears can be bought or hired at reasonable rates in Kathmandu.
GEARS AVAILABLE IN KATHMANDU
There are numerous suppliers of trekking gears in Kathmandu supplying genuine branded items or imitations depending on your choice and price. You can get anything from down jackets and sleeping bags to socks or thermal wears that you need for your trek.
EQUIPMENT PROVIDED BY COMPANY
We provide company duffle bag (80 L) to use on the trek. You can store your bag in your hotel and use it after the trek.
TREK SECURITY
Security of our clients is our foremost priority. All our guides are licensed by Nepal Government. Our guides and support crew are carefully chosen for your trips. They will ensure your safety and security throughout your trip. During your trek, you will be sleeping in local teahouses. You have to take precautions yourself at all times. Never leave your baggage unattended and keep your lodge room locked when you go out.
MEETING AND GREETING AT AIRPORT
You need to pass on your International flight details to us for a “meeting and greeting” service at airport. You just pass the customs desk and come out of the terminal building where you will see someone standing with a placard with either ‘Explore Himalaya’ or your name written on it. Our airport representative or tour officer will greet you and welcome you with a garland and escort you to your hotel.
TREK DURATION
We ensure liability as indicated in itinerary and list of services. If the holiday is cut short or completed earlier than the projected period upon client’s wish, we shall not be responsible or make refund against unutilized days or services. Clients need to pay for hotels/services incurred in Kathmandu or elsewhere in such cases.
CLIMATE AND BEST TIME TO GO
The best seasons for trekking in Nepal are autumn (from mid-September till November end) and spring (from the beginning of March until mid-May). Temperatures will drop considerably as you trek higher every day. The nights are cold (between -10 0C to 5 0C) but the days are sunny and hot (between 10 0C to 20 0C). The mornings are usually clear, with clouds building up during the afternoon, disappearing at night. Trekking during the monsoon and winter is not recommended, as the visibility during monsoon is limited, upper parts and high passes could be covered with snow in winter.
March, April, October and November are the most favored months. Please choose the date that is convenient for you.
ITINERARY CHANGES
The itinerary for this trek is a standard itinerary. Depending on the prevailing situation while on trek, you can modify it to some extent after consulting with your guide. However, the date of trek completion should always coincide with the original itinerary. You should keep in mind that this is an adventure trip into the remotest region, where many unforeseen events may contribute to the need for a change in itinerary. In such cases, we or your guide will suggest the best alternative similar to your original.
HEALTH ISSUES AND VACCINATIONS
As vaccination requirements change frequently, we suggest you consult your doctor at least 2 months prior to the beginning of your trip. We recommend protection against malaria, tetanus, typhoid, hepatitis and polio. The main health consideration during the trek is Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS). You may experience some mild symptoms initially, such as headache, lethargy, nausea and difficulty sleeping, but these should lessen within a few days. To avoid Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS), people take pills called ‘Diamox’ (actazolamide). You can also use these pills after consulting with your doctor and purchase them in Kathmandu. Our itinerary will allow your body to acclimatize properly and handle the low oxygen rate.
If you have ever suffered from altitude sickness, or have a heart or breathing complaint, we highly recommend you consult your doctor about your suitability for trekking in high altitude areas before booking. We suggest that you take some pain-killing pills with you and enough medicine for cold, diarrhea, nausea and fever. Some nasal ointment and throat-moistening pills will greatly help for those who are sensitive to chilly or freezing weather conditions.
FIRST AID KIT
We supply a medical bag with standard medicines prescribed by trekking doctors and a user’s manual. Since our staffs/guides are not qualified for suggesting medications to western clients, we would request you to use the medicines upon your own risk. It is safer and more reliable if you have your own medicine kit and not depend on what we have.
VISA
All visitors except the Indian nationals must hold passport and valid visa. Visa can be obtained at the Nepalese diplomatic missions and consulates abroad. You can also get “On Arrival Visa” at entry points. For doing Phoksundo Lake Trek, you can come with a 30 days visa which costs US $ 50. You should have a passport size photo to get it at airport upon arrival. Some countries’ nationals need to get visa prior their arrival.
Please check http://www.nepalimmigration.gov.np/page/tourist-visa for detailed information.
JOIN A GROUP OR PRIVATE TRIP
Our trips are available on both fixed departure and private basis. If you are looking for a group to join this trek, please check our “Fixed Departures” link for availability, dates and price. If you would like to travel independently, or with your friends, families and colleagues, you are invited to choose any of the trips at your convenient timeframe for any number of people (minimum 1 and maximum 20 at a time).
If you want to do something that is not included in our trip list, we are ready to tailor your trip to suit your exact requirements. In short, we will make every effort to meet your needs.
RESCUE / EVACUATIONS
We take your safety and security very seriously, and make sure that nothing untoward happen to you. However, if anything serious like sickness or a casualty occurs, we will do everything to transfer you to the nearest hospital. As you are responsible for all the expenses incurred in evacuation, please make sure that it is covered by your insurance before assigning for it.
INSURANCE
Before joining this trip, we recommend you take a travel insurance which should cover cancellation, medical expenses, helicopter evacuation and emergency repatriation during high-altitude trekking, specifically up to Rigmo Village. Our staff will collect your insurance details before you leave for the trek.
RESPONSIBLE TRAVEL
We are among the few companies in Nepal to receive Travelife Certificate Award https://www.travelife.info for our long-term efforts in sustainable practices.
We ensure that all the porters and other staffs going into high altitude conditions during Everest treks are provided with adequate clothing and equipment. All our porters carry less than 30 kg and underage porters are strictly prohibited in our operations. We run the trek according to the guidelines of the International Porter Protection group (IPPG – www.ippg.net).
Wonderful environment of the Himalayas is also an extremely fragile one. Increasing population density and numbers of trekkers threaten the very beauty of Nepal. At Explore Himalaya, we are extremely conscious about the environment and aim to minimize our impact as much as possible. As deforestation is one of the greatest environmental threats, we do not have camp fires and use LPG gas or kerosene for cooking as an alternative fuel to wood. We don’t use plastic bottles. We also discourage trekkers from using wood-fueled hot showers in lodges along the way. Many lodges, however, now provide solar hot showers, a far more eco-friendly alternative.
Garbage disposal is another major problem and some of the busier trails can, at times, appear strewn with litter. Our staff members are well motivated towards eco-friendly practices. Our staff carry garbage bag with them all the time and collect our garbage and other litters they find on trails and dispose them on the designated area. We also volunteer to bring garbage down while returning back. Our aim is to help protect and preserve this beautiful environment for future generations of trekkers to enjoy.
Explore Himalaya works with the motto ‘Development through Tourism’. Keeping in line with this motto, Explore Himalaya Community Service Project (EHCSP) has been conceived to empower underprivileged, marginalized, poor and minority segments of Nepal.
Since its inception, EHCSP has been incessantly facilitating and advocating for school education, health, community development, forest conservation, agro practices and culture preservation. A certain amount of your trip money goes to these projects. For more details on our CSR initiatives, please visit https://explorehimalaya.com/csr/
Dolpo, a high-altitude jewel nestled in the upper reaches of the Dolpa District in western Nepal, is a realm where the ancient Tibetan way of life thrives in its most authentic form. Dolpo is a captivating fusion of rugged landscapes, deep-rooted culture, and spiritual significance. Dolpo’s dramatic terrain is sculpted by the formidable Himalayan ranges. The region’s unique geographical setting creates a semi-arid climate with scant rainfall due to the imposing cloud barriers formed by the surrounding mountains. The landscape transitions from lush valleys to stark, windswept highlands, creating a stark beauty that is both harsh and mesmerizing. The valleys, Tsharka, Dho, Tarap, Panzang, and Nangkhong, each hold their own secrets and stories, offering trekkers a chance to explore the diverse beauty of this secluded land. Dolpo is living evidence to Tibetan culture and religion.
Home to over 9,000 people, Dolpo’s villages stand among the highest settlements on Earth, located at altitudes that offer both breathtaking views and a glimpse into a unique way of life. The inhabitants of Dolpo predominantly practice Bon Buddhism, an ancient religion that intertwines Animism and Buddhist principles. Originating during the Zhang Zung Empire of western Tibet about 18,000 years ago, the Bon-po religion forms the cultural foundation upon which Tibetan Buddhism has evolved. This deep spiritual heritage permeates every aspect of life in Dolpo, where sacred monasteries, vibrant thangka paintings, and chortens (stupas) dot the landscape, each telling its own story of devotion and history. This spiritual heritage is reflected in the region’s many gumbas (monasteries), including the renowned Shey Gumba established in the 11th century and the Thashung Gompa near Phoksundo Lake, built 900 years ago.
The local economy is a delicate balance between trade with Tibet and agriculture, with the latter being a vital part of daily life despite the challenging environment. The famous salt trade caravans that traverse this region are more than just a lifeline; they are a proof to the enduring traditions and interdependence between Dolpo and its northern neighbor. The Dolpo people historically traded salt with lower parts of Nepal, a practice vital to their survival. This barter system, known as netsang, is evidence to the strong community bonds and interdependence that sustain the region’s economy. In Dolpo, the landscape is not merely a backdrop but an integral part of the cultural and spiritual fabric. Every mountain pass and river valley is imbued with sacred significance, and the enduring legacy of Bon Buddhism shapes the lives of those who call this remote land home. Despite its isolation, Dolpo has thrived through traditional trade networks. Dolpo’s mystical allure has captivated filmmakers and documentarians. The 1999 Oscar-nominated film Caravan introduced the world to Dolpo’s enchanting landscapes and rich culture, while the 2009 documentary Dolpo Tulku followed the spiritual journey of Sherap Sangpo, a local who returned to his roots as a Buddhist leader.
Shey Phoksundo National Park, located in northwest Nepal’s Trans-Himalayan region, is the country’s largest national park, covering 3,555 square kilometers. Established in 1984, it aims to protect a unique Trans-Himalayan ecosystem with diverse flora and fauna. The park’s varying climates, altitudes, and ecological zones foster a wide range of life forms. Shey Phoksundo National Park boasts a variety of stunning landscapes. Elevations range from 2130 meters (6988 feet) in Ankhe to 6883 meters (22582 feet) at the summit of Kanjiroba Himal. The park stretches north of the Himalayan crest, featuring Nepal’s second-deepest and second-largest lake, Phoksundo Lake, in the upper Suligad region. Near the lake’s outlet is one of the highest waterfall of Nepal, Phoksundo Waterfall. Major rivers in the park include the Khung, Nmajung, and Panjang, as well as the Suligad and Jugdual Rivers, which are key tributaries of the Thuli Bheri River. The Langu River, draining the high Dolpo plateau, flows westward. Phoksundo Lake is renowned for its breathtaking turquoise color and is one of the most scenic mountain lakes globally. The area is also home to Ringmo village, a picturesque Tibetan settlement. Numerous glaciers are found near and above the lake. The park features several monasteries, including the well-known Shey Gompa, established in the 11th century, and Thashung Gompa, built about 900 years ago to help conserve wildlife.
Shey Phoksundo National Park experiences a wide range of climatic conditions due to its location across both the northern and southern aspects of the Himalayan crest. The region sees the majority of its precipitation during the monsoon season, which spans from July to September. However, the Dhaulagari and Kanjiroba Ranges act as a substantial barrier, limiting the amount of rain reaching the Trans-Himalayan area. As a result, the park transitions from a monsoon-dominated climate in the south, with approximately 1,500 mm of annual precipitation in the Suligad Valley, to an arid climate in the northern regions, where annual precipitation falls below 500 mm. Winters are harsh, with frequent snowfalls above 2500 meters (8202 feet) and temperatures often remaining below freezing at elevations above 3,000 meters (9843 feet) throughout much of the winter.
The park’s flora is highly diverse due to its varying climatic zones. In the northern regions, which encompass the upper Himalayas and Trans-Himalayan slopes, the vegetation is sparse and includes rhododendron, caragana shrubs, Salix, juniper, white Himalayan birch, and the occasional silver fir. In contrast, the southern portion of the park, particularly in the Suligad Valley, is more forested and features blue pine, spruce, hemlock, cedar, silver fir, poplar, rhododendron, and bamboo. The park supports 286 species of ethnobotanical importance.
The park is a crucial habitat for several endangered species, including the snow leopard, grey wolf, musk deer, and blue sheep. Other notable wildlife includes goral, great Tibetan sheep, Himalayan tahr, leopard, jackal, yellow-throated marten, and Himalayan black bear. Additionally, the park is home to six species of reptiles and 29 species of butterflies, including the highest-flying butterfly in the world, Paralasa nepalaica. Birdlife is abundant, with over 200 species recorded, including the Tibetan partridge, wood snipe, white-throated tit, wood accentor, and crimson-eared rosefinch.
Dhaulagiri I
Dhaulagiri I, also known as the White Mountain, stands proudly at 8167 meters (26795 feet) and is the seventh highest peak in the world. Located in the Dhaulagiri mountain range of the Nepal Himalayas, this majestic peak is a renowned destination for high-altitude expeditions. Dhaulagiri lies northwest of the popular tourist hub of Pokhara, in the Gandaki Province. The mountain’s impressive ice fields, sheer faces, and dramatic ridges create a breathtaking spectacle. When Dhaulagiri I was first discovered in 1808, it was mistakenly believed to be the highest mountain peak in the world, a title it held for 30 years before being surpassed by Kanchenjunga. The first successful ascent of Dhaulagiri was accomplished on May 13, 1960, by a Swiss expedition led by Peter Diener, Kurt Diemberger, Albin Schelbert, Ernst Forrer, Nima Dorje Sherpa and Nawang Dorje Sherpa.
Dhaulagiri II
Dhaulagiri II (7751 m / 2,430 ft) is a prominent peak in the Dhaulagiri mountain range. As the second highest mountain in this renowned range, Dhaulagiri II stands as a formidable presence in north-central Nepal, showcasing the rugged and dramatic terrain of the Himalayas. The mountain straddles the border between Chharka Tangsong Rural Municipality in Dolpa and Dhaulagiri Rural Municipality in Myagdi. Dhaulagiri II boasts a prominence of 2391 meters (7844 feet), which underscores its towering stature amidst the surrounding peaks. Dhaulagiri II, with its imposing height and remote location, continues to attract climbers and adventurers drawn to its challenging ascents and breathtaking vistas, contributing to its esteemed place within the majestic Dhaulagiri range. The mountain was first ascended on May 18, 1971, by a pioneering team consisting of Adolf Huber, Ronald Fear, Adi Weissensteiner, and Jangbu Sherpa.
Dhaulagiri III
Dhaulagiri III (7715 m / 25312 ft), also known as Naula or Nalu, is an impressive peak, part of the Dhaulagiri mountain range. Dhaulagiri III is the 30th highest mountain on Earth. Dhaulagiri III was first summited on October 20, 1973 by a team comprising Klaus Schreckenbach, Gerhard Haberl, and Hans Saler.
Churen Himal
Churen Himal (7371 m / 24183 ft) is a notable peak within the Dhaulagiri massif. The mountain, which is part of this impressive range, was first ascended on October 28, 1970 by Kozo Hasegawa and Ang Norbu Sherpa, marking an important achievement in the exploration of the Himalayas.
Kanjiroba Main
Kanjiroba Main (6883 m / 22582 ft) is the highest peak in the Kanjiroba Himal, a subrange of the Himalayas located in the Dolpa District of Nepal. This prominent summit stands as the principal peak of the Kanjiroba range, which stretches into the western part of Nepal, close to the Tibetan border. Despite its impressive height, Kanjiroba remained unmapped until 1950, when British explorer John Baird conducted the first series of expeditions to the area. The peak was first climbed in 1970 by the Osaka City University Himalayan Expedition, which successfully reached the summit after traversing the Patrasi Himal for the first time.
Mukot Himal
Mukot Himal (6087 m /19970 ft), also known as Mukut Himal or Langru, is part of the remote and rugged terrain of Nepal. Mukot Himal was first ascended in September 1967 by the intrepid explorers Alfons J. Driessen and Michiel van Mourik Broekman.
Sita Chuchura
Sita Chuchura (6611 m / 21690 ft) is a prominent peak in the Himalayas. The mountain was first successfully ascended on October 26, 1970, by a team consisting of Masahiko Takahashi, Hiroshi Harada, Nobuyki Hirato, and Phurba Kitar Sherpa.
Putha Hiunchuli
Putha Hiunchuli (7246 m / 23773 ft), also known as Dhaulagiri VII, is a striking peak in Nepal’s Dhaulagiri Range. It ranks as the 95th highest mountain in the world. Located at the western end of the Dhaulagiri II chain, Putha Hiunchuli is a significant and challenging summit within this renowned mountain range. The mountain was first climbed on November 11, 1954, by the pioneering team of J. O. M. Roberts and Ang Nyima Sherpa.
Danfe Shail
Danfe Shail (6103 m / 20023 ft) is a prominent peak in the Palchunhamga subrange of the Nepalese Himalayas. Situated in the remote Dolpa District, this mountain is part of the rugged and isolated terrain that characterizes the region. Its height and location make it a notable feature of the Himalayan landscape in Nepal.
Kangfu Gaton
Kangfu Gaton (5916 m / 19409 ft), also referred to as Kanta Gaton, lies in Dolpa district of Karnali Province. This peak was first successfully ascended on August 16, 2009 by an expedition team consisting of Jean Rene Minelli, Abel Minelli, Etienne Minelli, Sarah Minelli, and Pemba Jangbu Sherpa.
Lhashamma
Lhashamma (6412 m / 21037 ft), also known as Pinnacle Peak, is a striking summit situated in the Kanjiraba subrange of the Nepalese Himalayas. It straddles the Mugu and Dolpa districts in Karnali Province. The mountain was first successfully climbed on May 14, 1962, by an intrepid team comprising Josephine Scarr, Barbara Spark, Mingma Tsering Sherpa, and Pemba Norbu Sherpa.
Norbu Kang
Norbu Kang (6005 m / 19701 ft) is a notable peak within the Gautam Himal subrange of the Nepalese Himalayas. This mountain is situated in the remote Dolpa District of Karnali Province. The first successful ascent of Norbu Kang was achieved on June 25, 2003 by Tamotsu Ohnishi, Tazuko Inoue, Koji Mizutani, Takehiro Yanigahara, Chuldim Nuru Sherpa, and Kancha Dawa Sherpa.
Kanjiroba North
Kanjiroba North (6858 m / 22500 ft) is a prominent peak in the Kanjiroba subrange of the Nepalese Himalayas. It is situated in the remote Mugu and Dolpa districts of Karnali Province. This mountain, part of a rugged and isolated region, adds to the diverse and challenging topography of the area.
Kanjerawa
Kanjerawa (6612 m / 21693 ft), also known as Kanjeralwa, Kanchen Ruwa, or Gangchhenralwa, is located in the Dolpa district of Nepal, within the scenic Shey Phoksundo National Park, this mountain is renowned for its striking appearance and significance. Locally referred to as Gangchhenralwa Himal, which translates to “Big Mountain for Gangchhen” and “Horse’s Mane for Ralwa,” the name reflects the peak’s resemblance to a horse’s neck or mane. As the second tallest peak in Dolpa, Kanjerawa majestically overlooks the serene Phoksundo Lake, enhancing the natural beauty of the surrounding landscape. Its commanding presence and unique profile make it a significant landmark in the region.
Tso Karpo Khang
Tso Karpo Khang (6556 m / 21509 ft) is a striking peak in the Kanjiroba subrange of the Nepalese Himalayas. Located in the remote Dolpa district of Karnali Province, this mountain is renowned for its rugged beauty and challenging ascent. The first successful climb of Tso Karpo Khang was accomplished on October 25, 1971, by climbers Shoji Miyoshi and Koji Mizutani.
Tripura Hiun Chuli
Tripura Hiun Chuli (6553 m / 21499 ft) also known as Hanging Glacier Peak or Tripura Thumba, is located within the Kanjiroba subrange of the Nepalese Himalayas. Known for its dramatic hanging glaciers and breathtaking views, Tripura Hiun Chuli stands as a prominent and admired summit among the peaks of Dolpa. The peak was first successfully climbed on October 17, 1986, by Noriyuki Hata, Katashi Tokimoto, and Ang Phuri Sherpa.
Shey Shikhar
Shey Shikhar (6139 m / 20142 ft) is one of the most breathtaking and pristine peaks in the Dolpo region of Nepal. Located to the northwest of the serene Phoksundo Lake, this stunning mountain remains a virgin peak, offering an untouched allure to those who gaze upon its majestic slopes. Its remote and isolated setting enhances its beauty, making it a captivating destination for adventurers seeking unspoiled natural grandeur.
Swaksa Khang
Swaksa Khang (6405 m / 21014 ft) is a striking peak situated in the Palchunhamga subrange of the Nepalese Himalayas. Located in the Dolpa district of Karnali Province, this mountain remains unclimbed, preserving its pristine and enigmatic character.
Dolpa (Juphal) Airport
Dolpa (Juphal) Airport (2500 m / 8202 ft) is located in Juphal Municipality, Dolpa District, within Karnali Province. It acts as the gateway to Shey-Phoksundo National Park, where Phoksundo Lake is a major attraction. Additionally, the airport facilitates access to the Upper Dolpa Trek, a popular destination among tourists. The airport is approximately a three-hour walk from the district headquarters in Dunai. Dolpa (Juphal) Airport features a bituminous paved (asphalt concrete) runway with dimensions of 560 meters by 20 meters. Established in 1978, it is the sole airport in the district and was inaugurated by the then-king Birendra Bir Bikram Shah.
Dunai
Dunai (2091 m / 6860 ft), situated in the Dolpa district of western Nepal, is a town situated along the banks of the Thuli Bheri River. Surrounded by the towering peaks of the Dhaulagiri and Kanjiroba ranges, Dunai offers breathtaking views of lush green valleys, terraced fields, and pristine alpine landscapes. The town is a melting pot of cultures, home to the Dolpo-pa, Tibetan, Magar, and Gurung communities. This diverse cultural fabric is reflected in the local traditions, festivals, and religious practices. Visitors can explore traditional villages like Tarakot, Ringmo, and Dho-Tarap, engaging with locals, visiting ancient monasteries and chortens (Buddhist shrines), and witnessing traditional ceremonies. Dunai serves as a key starting point for several trekking routes into the Dolpo region. The Upper Dolpo Trek offers a challenging adventure through high mountain passes and deep valleys, showcasing ancient Tibetan Buddhist settlements and panoramic Himalayan views. The Lower Dolpo Trek provides a less strenuous alternative, leading to the stunning Phoksundo Lake and the Shey Phoksundo National Park. For those seeking adventure, the trek to Phoksundo Lake features scenic pine forests, suspension bridges, and camping by Nepal’s deepest lake. Despite its remote location, Dunai provides essential amenities for trekkers, including guesthouses, teahouses, and camping sites. Local eateries offer traditional Nepali cuisine, and shops supply necessary trekking gear. Basic medical facilities and communication services are available, though amenities are limited compared to more urban areas. Beyond its role as a trekking hub, Dunai boasts natural attractions such as the Thuli Bheri River, ideal for fishing and leisurely walks. The surrounding terraced fields, where locals grow barley, wheat, and buckwheat, offer a glimpse into traditional farming practices.
Rigmo Village
Ringmo (3641 m / 11946 ft) is a charming traditional village in Dolpo, Dolpa District, Nepal, with a seasonal population of around 200. Predominantly Tibetan in heritage, the locals practice the Bonpo faith and are involved in trade, yak herding, and tourism. Located on the landslide dam that occurred 30,000 to 40,000 years ago created the stunning Phoksundo Lake. Ringmo Village boasts a distinctive architectural style, characterized by its traditional wooden and stone buildings with flat roofs and intricately carved windows. The design and structure of these homes reflect a strong Tibetan influence, offering a glimpse into an architectural heritage that has endured through the ages. Just outside the village, you can find a Bon temple also named Ringmo. Nearby, the river flowing from Phoksundo Lake cascades dramatically over a 167 meter (548 foot) waterfall, located just half a kilometer south of the village. Bon, the ancient Tibetan religion practiced before Buddhism spread, thrived in the western Himalayas of Nepal in the 11th century. This occurred when Tibetan Bon practitioners sought refuge in the region to escape persecution in Tibet. The Bon monastery in Rigmo, known as Thasung Tsholing Gumba, is perched on a steep eastern ridge overlooking the deep waters of Phoksundo Lake and nestled beneath a towering rock wall. The monastery comprises nine houses. The origin of the monastery’s name is steeped in myth. According to the legend, to protect prey from being killed by hunters trapping them under the rocky walls where the monastery now stands, Lama Treton Tshewang Tshultrim established the monastery at this site. This once-dangerous edge became a sacred and protective one. Initially, the Lamas from the Thabzhi lineage cared for the monastery, but when they had no male descendants, guardianship passed to the Treton lineage of Pungmo Village, following the marriage of a Thabzhi woman to a Treton man. Today, Lama Geshe Samdrup Nyima teaches Bon philosophy to many young monks at Ringmo Monastery. The Ringmo monastery is surrounded by chortens, which symbolize both devotion to spirituality and reverence for ancestors. These chortens serve not only as religious symbols but also as markers that distinguish the sacred space from the natural world. In Ringmo, chortens serve three distinct purposes: some are built to accrue religious merit for their creators, others house relics of the deceased, and some are dedicated abodes for deities. Not just in Ringmo, but also in Pugmo, Dho-Tarap, and Parlä, Bon monasteries feature similar chortens that together form a Mandala. These chortens were constructed about 250 years ago by the Great Master of Bon, Treton Namkha Gyaltshen, to safeguard the villages in Dolpo from all evils.
Phoksundo Lake
Phoksundo Lake (3621 m / 11880 ft), also known as Phoksumdo Lake, located in the Karnali region of Nepal within Shey-Phoksundo National Park, is a glacial lake near Ringmo in the Dolpo region. As the second deepest and second largest lake in Nepal, it covers an area of 4.95 square kilometers (1.91 square miles). Phoksundo lake has a water volume of 409 million cubic meters (1.44 × 10^10 cubic feet) and a discharge rate of 3.715 cubic meters per second (131.2 cubic feet per second). A 2004 survey by the Department of Hydrology and Meteorology reported the lake’s maximum depth as 145 meters (476 feet), while a 2019 survey updated this depth to 136.20 meters (446.9 feet). Phoksundo Lake was designated a Ramsar site in September 2007. At the southern end of the lake, the village of Ringmo is located on a landslide dam, estimated to be between 30,000 and 40,000 years old, which created the lake. Beyond this natural barrier, the lake’s waters cascade over a dramatic 167 meter (548 foot) waterfall. The lake is a crucial freshwater source for downstream areas. In Dolpo, Phoksundo Lake is often called ‘the evil lake of Reng,’ and the nearby gumba is believed to protect against malevolent spirits. Local legend tells of a village that once existed where the lake now lies. According to the story, the village was submerged by a vengeful demoness fleeing from Padmasambhava, a Buddhist sage and magician journeying to Tibet to spread Buddhism. To mislead Padmasambhava, the demoness gave the villagers a turquoise and instructed them not to reveal her path. However, Padmasambhava transformed the turquoise into a lump of dung. Suspecting they had been deceived, the villagers informed the sage of her whereabouts. Angered by this betrayal, the demoness flooded the valley, drowning everyone. To this day, the monks at Tshowa Gumba perform daily pujas to keep the demoness’s spirit confined to the lake. Locals believe that each year, she claims a yak from passing caravans by causing it to fall from the trail around the lake. In Phoksundo Lake, fed by small streams from the Himalayas, the water remains perpetually freezing cold. Remarkably, the lake is devoid of animal life, which adds to its unique allure. One of its most captivating features is its ability to change color based on the light, shifting from deep green and gleaming silver to its signature aquamarine blue and bluish-gray hues. Interestingly, despite its cold temperatures, the lake does not freeze in winter. The views from the lake, especially of the Numala and Bagala passes on the route to Dho Tarap, are exceptionally spectacular. This remote “piece of heaven” is often hailed as one of the most beautiful places on Earth by trekkers who navigate the rugged trails leading to this untouched corner of Nepal. The lake’s striking beauty and serene environment also made it a chosen location for filming the extraordinary movie, Himalaya (Caravan), by Eric Valley. Phoksundo Lake and its surrounding alpine meadows and bogs provide habitat for several rare and vulnerable species, including the Snow Leopard (Uncia uncia), Musk Deer (Moschus chrysogaster), and the Grey or Tibetan Wolf (Canis lupus). The site holds significant cultural and religious value, reflecting the traditional Tibetan culture of upper Dolpo and both Buddhism and the ancient Tibetan Bon-Po religion practiced in lower Dolpo. While some grazing and cultivation occur, tourism centered around the wetland is a key component of the local economy.
The Dolpa region, home to the Dolpo-pa people, represents a unique blend of ancient tradition and cultural resilience. These Tibetan peoples have preserved their ways of life for over a millennium, relying heavily on a system of trade and ritual that defines their existence. Their agricultural yields only sustain them for half the year, so they depend on yak caravans that traverse the high mountain passes to Tibet, exchanging barley and corn for essential salt. This salt is then traded southward for vital staples like corn, beans, and rice.
The Dolpa are primarily Bhotes (Bhotias), a Tibeto-Nepalese ethnic group with roots in the Tibeto-Mongol (Tibeto-Burman) family. They practice the Bon-Po faith, an animist religion that predates and influences Tibetan Buddhism. Their distinct Tibetan features and Tibeto-Burmese languages mark them as inhabitants of the higher valleys and mountainous areas of the Himalayas. The term “Bhote” refers to those from the trans-Himalayan region of Nepal or Tibet, and while it can sometimes carry pejorative connotations, it broadly denotes people of Tibetan or Mongoloid heritage. Residing in the high Himalayas of western Nepal, the Dolpa people are known as the highest-living ethnic group globally. They navigate regular trade routes over 5,000-meter passes into Tibet, and their Tibetan culture is seen as more authentic and less influenced than that in Tibet itself.
The Dolpa people practice Tibetan Buddhism, infused with elements of shamanism, animism, and the Tibetan Bonpo religion. They observe some unique customs, such as turning prayer wheels counterclockwise and walking to the right of temples, reflecting their Bon-po beliefs. There are several Bon-po monasteries in Dolpo, including Tso Gompa, which is dramatically positioned by a lake and illuminated by sunlight through a cliffside hole at specific times of the year. In August, during the full moon, Dolpo-pa make a pilgrimage to the sacred Crystal Mountain, walking its 16-kilometer base three times over three days. The mountain, with its twisted sedimentary layers and quartz veins, is thought to have been formed by Tibetan lamas riding a mythical snow lion. In daily life, Dolpa houses are ritually purified with a cow dung layer on the floors and protected by sacred rice and cow dung balls placed above doorways to ward off evil spirits. When seeking solutions to problems, a Dolpa shaman might instruct a person to sprinkle blessed rice on door beams and livestock, sacrifice a lamb to the forest god, and bring back a temple bell from Tibet.
Shelri Drugdra Festival/Shey Festival
Every twelve years, the sacred Shelri Drugdra Festival, also known as the Shey Mela (Festival), illuminates the rugged landscapes of Dolpo, celebrating in the Dragon Year according to the Buddhist Lunar Calendar. This revered festival takes place at the illustrious Crystal Mountain (Shelri Drugdra), honoring the journey of the Great Saint Drupthop Singe Yeshe, a revered disciple of Kyopa Jigten Gompo, the founder of the Drikung Kagyu Buddhist sect. The festival is a vibrant tapestry of cultural rituals and activities. Visitors are treated to a dazzling array of local dances, thrilling archery contests, and spirited horse riding. Exhibitions showcase traditional amchi healing practices alongside a feast of Dolpo cuisine. The festival’s highlight is the captivating Buddhist Mask and Hat dances, which offer a glimpse into the region’s rich spiritual heritage. Exploring the area around the festival, visitors can wander through the sacred monasteries of Shelri Sumdho, Shelri Tsakang, and Gomoche, each nestled in the breathtaking natural beauty of the Dolpo region. As you journey to the festival, you’ll encounter the serene beauty of Phoksundo Lake, the distinctive Bon settlements, and the diverse flora and fauna of Shey-Phoksundo National Park.
Buddha Jayanti
Buddha Jayanti is a major festival in Nepal and several other Buddhist regions, commemorating the birth, enlightenment, and death of Siddhartha Gautama, who became the Buddha. Celebrated on the full moon day of the month of Vaisakha, which usually falls in April or May, Buddha Jayanti is a significant occasion for Buddhists around the world. The festival begins with the early morning ritual of visiting gumbas, where devotees light lamps, offer flowers, and recite prayers to honor the Buddha. Gumbas are adorned with colorful flags and decorations, creating a serene and festive atmosphere. Devotees engage in various acts of merit, including giving alms to monks, participating in meditation sessions, and listening to sermons about the Buddha’s teachings. The day is a time for reflection on the Buddha’s teachings of compassion, mindfulness, and the path to enlightenment. Buddha Jayanti is a day of reverence and celebration, where followers of Buddhism come together to honor the life and teachings of the Buddha, renewing their commitment to his path of spiritual awakening. On this auspicious occasion, devotees gather in Gumbas (Buddhist monasteries) to participate in communal prayers and ceremonies. The celebrations involve chanting prayers such as ‘Mani’ and ‘Bajra Guru,’ and making offerings of ‘Chog’ (ritual food). It is widely believed that the Dharma practiced, offerings made, and good deeds performed during Buddha Jayanti carry multiplied spiritual merit, helping to diminish sins and negative karma. The day is marked by a collective sense of devotion and reverence, reflecting the deep spiritual significance of Buddha’s life and teachings.
Lhosar
Lhosar is a significant New Year celebration observed by various ethnic groups in Nepal, including the Dolpa-pa, Tamang, Sherpa, and Gurung communities. The festival marks the beginning of the New Year according to the lunar calendar, typically falling in late December or early January, with variations depending on the specific community. The celebration of Lhosar is marked by vibrant and joyful festivities. Families gather to enjoy elaborate meals featuring traditional dishes such as momo (dumplings), sel roti (rice doughnuts), and thukpa (noodle soup). The festival is also characterized by cultural performances, where participants dress in colorful traditional costumes and engage in lively dances and music. Religious and ritual activities are central to Lhosar, with many people visiting temples and monasteries to make offerings and seek blessings for the New Year. Community events, including processions and fairs, bring people together to celebrate and partake in communal activities. Homes and public spaces are decorated with traditional symbols, and people exchange greetings and well-wishes, adding to the festive atmosphere.
Yungney
Yungney is a traditional ritual festival celebrated in Dolpo, lasting for 16 days. During this time, the entire community congregates with their food and bedding at a central location. Under the guidance of a senior lama, participants engage in collective ‘Yoga,’ reciting mantras as a form of spiritual practice. Each evening, the senior lama imparts teachings on the ‘Dharma,’ while on alternate days, participants observe a period of silence and fasting, abstaining from both speech and food. At the conclusion of Yungney, attendees receive a ‘Wang’ blessing from the senior lama. This festival is believed to purify the mind, cleanse sins, and rectify bad deeds, offering both spiritual renewal and communal harmony.
Chhaye Chu
Chhaye Chu is a significant ritual observed on the 10th day of each month according to the Tibetan calendar. During this ritual, the senior or head lamas conduct a sacred puja, creating ‘Torma’ from Tsampa (roasted barley flour) and reciting Tibetan mantras and texts. The community gathers to chant mantras in unison, participating in the spiritual observance. At the conclusion of the ritual, attendees receive a ‘Wang’ blessing and ‘Chhog’ offerings from the head lama. This ritual serves as a profound moment for communal worship and spiritual enrichment, reinforcing the bond between the devotees and their spiritual leaders.
Tse Tar
Tse Tar is a revered ritual practiced in Upper Dolpo among Buddhist communities, especially during times of significant misfortune. In this ritual, a yak or another domestic animal is ceremoniously set free in the name of the divine. This act symbolizes the release of burdens or negative energies. Upon the animal’s death, its body is prepared for a sky burial, a traditional practice where the deceased is placed in an elevated location and exposed to the elements. This ritual not only aligns with the spiritual beliefs of the community but also serves as a profound means of addressing and alleviating hardship.
Chhaigo
Chhaigo is the traditional New Year celebration observed by the inhabitants of the Techurong area, occurring each December. This vibrant festival lasts for a single day, during which families come together to enjoy a variety of foods and engage in ancestral worship. The celebration is a time for family reunions and honoring the spirits of their forebears. Following Chhaigo, from the 10th to the 13th day, the prominent festival of The Rung, celebrated by the Tarali Magar people, takes place. This subsequent festival adds to the festive spirit and cultural richness of the season.
Chaiti or Rung Festival
Chaiti or Rung Festival is a major celebration among the Tarali Magar people, taking place in the winter months of January or February, following the Chhaigo New Year. This month-long festival culminates on a key day known as ‘Lapsole,’ which is marked by the alignment of the Seven Stars and the Moon. On Lapsole, households renew their roof flags, called ‘Tarchuwa,’ and inner flags, known as ‘Do.’ The festival is a time of feasting and revelry, where work is set aside, and communities come together to play games, enjoy festive meals, and exchange greetings. The celebration is dedicated to their ancestral god, ‘Chyopata,’ bidding him farewell as he embarks on his journey to the Terai region.
Keja
Keja is celebrated in March to welcome the arrival of spring and is a festival primarily for women. During Keja, people prepare and share breads, and gather to dance and play games in a festive atmosphere.
Yacha
Yacha occurs in April, marking the return of the ancestral god ‘Chyopata’ from the Terai region. To celebrate, people make small triangular buckwheat breads and offer them to Chyopata, as a change from the rice he enjoyed in Terai. This festival is also a lively occasion for men, who engage in archery and other traditional games.
Rungma
Rungma is an important Tarali festival held in mid-March. It is a three-day celebration where one household is designated as ‘New’ Rungma and another as ‘Old’ Rungma. The New Rungma hosts the Old Rungma, and villagers gather to enjoy a festive atmosphere filled with dancing and singing.
Srawan Purney and Bhadaure Purney
Srawan Purney and Bhadaure Purney are Shamanistic festivals occurring in July and August, respectively. Also called Masta, a prominent Shamanistic festival in Lower Dolpo, is deeply revered in the villages of this region. Celebrated over 2-3 days, Masta involves the deities Masta, Deurali, and Bhawani, who are believed to ride upon human beings known as Dhamis or Shamans. These Shamans enter a trance to communicate with the divine and offer insights into the futureDuring these festivals, Dhamis (Shamans) travel long distances for pilgrimage, returning around Srawan Purney or before the full moon. Upon their return, they perform ritual dances, conduct cattle sacrifices, and provide blessings to the community. This vibrant celebration brings people together to seek guidance and partake in traditional rites, reflecting the rich Shamanistic heritage of the region.
Dashain
Dashain, also known as Dashera or Vijaya Dashami, is a major Hindu festival celebrated over 15 days, ending on the full moon of Ashwin, typically in September or October. It is one of Nepal’s most significant and joyous festivals, symbolizing the triumph of good over evil. The festival honors the goddess Durga, who vanquished the demon Mahishasura. Devotees engage in various religious practices, including offerings and sacrifices to Durga and other deities. Homes and temples are decorated with religious symbols, and elaborate feasts are prepared. The festival’s highlight is Vijaya Dashami, when family members receive tika — a mixture of yogurt, rice, and vermillion — from elders, symbolizing blessings and prosperity for the coming year. Celebrations include traditional dances, music, and family reunions, with people traveling from far and wide to partake in the festivities and enjoy special meals.
Tihar
Tihar, also known as Deepawali or the Festival of Lights, follows Dashain and is celebrated over five days, usually in October or November. This vibrant festival emphasizes family bonds and cultural diversity. Each day is dedicated to honoring different deities and animals: crows, dogs, cows, and oxen. The final day, Bhai Tika, celebrates the special bond between brothers and sisters. Sisters perform rituals for the long life and success of their brothers, while homes and streets are adorned with lights and oil lamps. Tihar includes various traditional practices such as making intricate rangoli designs and preparing festive foods. The festival is a time of communal harmony and celebration, marked by lively gatherings and festive decorations.
Your booking of this Phoksundo Lake Trek will be confirmed by email once we receive your deposit of $500 and the signed copy of booking form and contract. The balance is due no later than two months prior to departure. If you book a tour less than 2 months prior to departure, you must send the full payment within 7 days of confirmation by us.
If you cancel your booking, the following scale of charges will apply: • 2 months before departure – Loss of deposit (US$ 500) • 29 days to 2 months before departure – 30% of total trip cost • 10 to 28 days before departure – 60% of total trip cost • Less than 10 days before departure – 100% of total trip cost
In addition to your Phoksundo Lake Trek, we can organize extensions both within Nepal, Tibet, Bhutan, etc. You may want to try water rafting or a jungle safari in Nepal or Nepal Cultural Tour. You may as well take a trip to Tibet or Bhutan, whichever seems more appealing to you.
It is fundamental to acknowledge that Phoksundo Lake Trekking is an adventure tour. This requires some flexibility. The day to day itinerary is taken only as a guideline. We cannot be held responsible for any delays caused by International or domestic flights, strikes, Government regulations, weather or natural casualties etc. In such cases, Explore Himalaya shall provide suitable alternatives which will be decided upon mutual agreement. If you have any questions regarding this trip, please feel free to contact us at enquiry@explorehimalaya.com or directly by phone: +977-1-4518100. We answer all enquiries within 24 hours.
Copyright © 2026 Explore Himalaya. All Rights Reserved.
Website Developed and Marketed by Theme Nepal