Kathmandu
Kathmandu
Accommadation: Lodge & Tea House
3 Course Meals (B, L, D)
Moderate
4740 m / 15551 ft
Trekking and Sightseeing
Majestic Views of Kanchenjunga Massif, Towering Peaks and Sprawling Glaciers,
Trek Through Diverse Landscapes, Cultural Immersion, Remote and Untouched Beauty
The Kanchenjunga South Base Camp Trek is a spectacular journey into one of the world’s most remote and pristine regions. Located in the eastern Himalayas, this trek takes adventurers through lush forests, alpine meadows, and rugged high-altitude terrain, culminating at the southern base camp of Kanchenjunga (8586 m / 28169 ft), the third highest peak on Earth and second highest peak of Nepal. The trek offers breathtaking views of Kanchenjunga and surrounding mountains, providing a unique opportunity to experience the natural beauty and cultural richness of the region. With its challenging trails, diverse landscapes, and less-traveled paths, this trek is ideal for those seeking an immersive and serene Himalayan adventure.
The Kanchenjunga trek traverses through the diverse landscape of Kanchenjunga Conservation Area, amidst the subtropical lowlands and alpine forests with flora like rhododendrons, magnolia, orchids, and fauna like snow leopard, Asiatic black bear, red panda, and many other species. This incredible Kanchenjunga South Base Camp trek is a combination of tea house and camping trek with spectacular Himalayan views of many 8000 meter (26247 feet) peaks. The experience of South Base Camp is extraordinary as you will be surrounded by glaciers, lakes and mountain likes Kangbachen (7903 m / 25928 ft) and Yalung Kang (8505 m / 27904 ft) which are inside Nepal and Kangchenjunga Main (8586 m / 28169 ft), Kangchenjunga Central (8476 m / 27808 ft) and Kangchenjunga South (8476 m / 27808 ft) at the border of Nepal and India. This off the beaten trek in Nepal offers the unique cultural spectacle of Rai and Limbu people, the main ethnicities of the region.
It’s a panoramic thrill flying into Kathmandu on a clear day. The views of snow-capped mountain peaks sprawling down below you are almost ecstatic, beginning a whole chain of memorable experiences that stay with you for a long, long time. As your plane lands at Tribhuvan International Airport in Kathmandu, our waiting support team will meet and greet you at the arrivals and escort you to your hotel. At the hotel you will be briefed about your daily activities.
Kathmandu is the historical and cultural heart of Nepal and has been a popular destination for tourists ever since Nepal opened its doors to visitors. The city presents a wonderful mix of Hinduism, Tibetan Buddhism and Western influence. There will be a guided tour to UNESCO World Heritage Sites Boudhnath, the largest Buddhist stupa in Nepal and after that to Pashupatinath, the most popular Hindu shrine dedicated to Lord Shiva. You take a tour to Patan also called as Lalitpur (the City of Artisans), which is 5 km away from Kathmandu. You will walk through Patan Durbar Square and delight in the architectural wonders of Malla era. Mahaboudha Temple, Kumbeshwor Temple, Krishna Temple and Golden Temple are the major attractions at the square.
Start your journey with a scenic flight from Kathmandu to Bhadrapur, located at 95 meters (312 feet) above sea level. This delightful 45 to 50-minute flight provides breathtaking aerial views of the landscape. Upon landing in Bhadrapur, you’ll commence on a picturesque drive to Taplejung/Phungling (1,820 m/5,971 ft). As you set off, prepare for a bumpy ride, particularly as you navigate the winding roads. After passing the town of Phidim, the road becomes steeper and more challenging, winding through dense forests with switchbacks that enhance the adventure. The drive, lasting approximately 9 to 11 hours, winds through verdant hills and offers captivating glimpses of the region’s natural beauty.
Today you’ll drive from Taplejung/Phungling to Sekathum that will take about 4 to 6 hours, depending on road conditions. While the journey is relatively short in terms of distance, the road conditions are a mix of paved and gravel roads. You will follow the Tamor Nadi (River) along most of the journey, which adds a scenic and tranquil aspect to the drive. You will pass through several picturesque villages including Mitlung (920 m/3,018 ft), Chhiruwa (1,230 m/4,035 ft), Tapethok (1,428 m/4,685 ft), and Hellok (1,545 m/5,069 ft). As you drive towards the Kanchenjunga Conservation Area, you’ll notice the landscape transforming, offering a visual prelude to the breathtaking natural beauty. If you’re fortunate, you might catch glimpses of the majestic Kanchenjunga Massif, a stunning backdrop to your journey. From Hellok you’ll trek to Yansang (2,270 m/7,448 ft) that takes about 2 to 3 hours.
Today’s trek to Trotong, also called Dorongdin, promises both a challenge and stunning beauty. The trail is well-maintained, but the ascent from Amji Khola is steep and demanding, winding through dense forests of maple, oak, pine, and rhododendron. Depending on the season, the rainforest trails may be slippery. At Lasiya (aka Lamite) Bhanjyang (3415 m / 11204 ft), a yak pasture, you might spot grazing yaks and sample local yak cheese and milk. Lasiya Bhanjyang offers beautiful views of Jhanu (Kumbakarna) and the valley below. The route also takes you through diverse pine and rhododendron forests, as you descend and follow the Simbuwa Khola towards Trotong (2980m / 9777 ft).
Today, you’ll follow the Simbuwa Khola, which flows down from the Yalung Glacier. This scenic walk takes you through pristine pine, rhododendron, and birch forests, with numerous small rivers and waterfalls enhancing the beauty. The trail is interspersed with pastureland where you might see a herd of yaks grazing. Keep an eye out, as some of the yaks can be quite playful. As you climb higher, you’ll enjoy stunning views of the Kabru ranges in the upper valley. After crossing Yak Kharka and Anda Phedi, you’ll arrive at a Buddhist shrine adorned with prayer flags, Trisuls (Tridents), and rock cairns. This shrine marks a sacred boundary of the valley and includes a small cave. As you continue, you’ll pass through a large, flat meadow and reach a solitary cottage at 3870 meters, which serves as a makeshift lodge for the night. From there, the trail follows the riverbank, where it widens and turns into a pleasant stroll. Continuing on, you’ll pass through a large, flat meadow before reaching Tseram. Tseram is a charming grassy spot on a small terrace, located about 50 meters above the north bank of the river. It features a single house that serves as a rustic teahouse.
A rest day or acclimatization day is a crucial part of a trekking itinerary, designed to help your body adjust to the higher altitudes and ensure you are well-rested for the days ahead. Today, you have the option to hike to a nearby hilltop for panoramic views of the surrounding mountain ranges. Also, you can hike for a couple of hours to an unnamed lake, where you can take in the breathtaking panoramic views of the surrounding landscapes. Afterward, you’ll head back to camp to relax and enjoy the afternoon. The day is designed to ensure you’re in good health and fully prepared for the next stages of your trek. It’s a vital part of the trekking experience, helping to enhance your overall enjoyment and safety on the trail.
Today, you’ll set out to traverse the Yalung Glacier, gradually ascending towards breathtaking vistas. You’ll follow a rocky, loose trail beside a stream, ascending past mani walls along the initial stretch of your journey. The trail ascends through the valley along the moraine of the Yalung Glacier, gradually opening up as we approach Yalung (3900 m / 12795 ft). As you progress, you pass by Yalung, which offers stunning views of Rathong (6682 m / 21923 ft) and Kabru (7412 m / 24318 ft). From there, you’ll continue climbing through scrub junipers and alongside a stream to reach the lake at Lapsang (4430 m / 14534 ft). This area offers a glimpse of the route to Lapsang La (5161 m /16932 ft), which heads north over the moraines toward Ghunsa. As we proceed to another lake and the expansive meadow at Ramche (4610m / 15125 ft), the surrounding peaks form a breathtaking amphitheater. The towering Rothang and Kabru on the Nepal-India border dominate the stunning views.
Today, you’ll set out on a scenic hike towards Oktang (aka Okhordung, 4740 m / 15551 ft) a prime viewpoint for Kanchenjunga. You’ll follow the ablation valley towards Oktang, where you’ll get a stunning view of the south face of the magnificent Kanchenjunga, including the climbing route first ascended in 1953. From Oktang, the panorama of the surrounding Himalayas is breathtaking, with the entire cirque rising above 7000 meters (22966 feet). Here, we will be treated to closer views of the majestic Kanchenjunga peaks, Kanchenjunga Main (8586 m / 28169 ft), Kanchenjunga Central (8476 m / 27808 ft), and Kanchenjunga South (8476 m / 27808 ft), along with other towering summits. As you explore this less-trodden and remote area, you’ll soak in the stunning vistas. After taking in the incredible sights at Oktang, we will trek back to Ramche for lunch before returning to Tseram (3870m / 12697 ft).
Today’s trek on the Kanchenjunga trek will be relatively easy. As you descend from the elevated snow-capped mountains, the tranquil walk through rhododendron forests brightens your journey and offers a peaceful respite. This day’s trek offers a tranquil and picturesque exploration of a remote Himalayan region. The trek follows a downhill path that leading to Tortong (2980m / 9777 ft), crossing Simbuwa Khola along the way. The journey is adorned with captivating views of the Himalayas. We will spend the night at Tortong (aka Torongdin), immersed in the serene beauty of this high-altitude haven. This spot that provides a glimpse into a quieter, less-traveled part of Nepal, showcasing the unspoiled beauty of the area.
The trek to Yansang takes you through rugged terrain and beautiful landscapes of the Taplejung region. You will trek through dense forests of pine and rhododendron. The trek follows narrow paths alongside the Simbuwa Khola (River). The journey typically takes 5 to 6 hours with views of surrounding valleys and snow-capped peaks. Yansang (2,270 m/7,448 ft) offers a peaceful resting spot after the trek.
Today you’ll start the day with a 2 to 3-hour trek to Hellok (1,545 m/5,069 ft), also known as Zero Point. The trek is through lush forests and scenic landscapes, offering beautiful views of surrounding hills and valleys. After reaching Hellok, you’ll drive to Taplejung/Phungling (1,820 m/5,971 ft). The drive typically takes 4 to 6 hours, depending on road conditions. The route passes through villages like Tapethok, Chhiruwa and Mitlung and follows the Tamor River for part of the journey. The roads are rough and often unpaved but provides beautiful views of the surrounding mountains and valleys.
After breakfast, you’ll drive to Bhadrapur (95 m/312 ft) following the same road during your approach to catch your flight back to Kathmandu (1,340 m/4,396 ft). If the weather is clear, you’ll have the chance to see some of the most stunning peaks of the Himalayan range from the plane. Upon arrival in Kathmandu, you’ll be transferred to your hotel for the night.
This is a contingency day in case of Bhadrapur flight delays. If you have free time, you can let go the strains of your trip. You can explore around the Heritage sites in the city, stroll down the streets of Thamel for local cultural experience, visit nearby monasteries, relax at a nearby spa centers or do some souvenir haunting in the local bazaar.
On your last day in Nepal, you will be transferred to the airport for your departure flight. Alternatively, if you wish to extend your adventure, explore additional activities such as jungle safaris, river rafting, or mountain biking. We are here to help you create more unforgettable memories in Nepal.
TRIP GRADE – Moderate (Grade 3)
The trek will be a long journey that takes us directly into high mountains, leading us to some of the renowned mountaineering base camps and viewpoints. Physically quite tiring, involves approx. 6 – 8 hours trekking along rocky ridges of high Himalayan peaks. No previous experience is required, you should be moderately fit, used to some regular exercises and enjoy walking in the high-altitude conditions.
TREKKING TYPES
Trekking in Nepal is categorized in three different types based on their way of organization (Camping Trek, Tea House Trek and GAP Trek). Kanchenjunga Base Camp Trek is organized in two ways (Tea House Trek and GAP Trek) due to the abundance of accommodation facilities available in the region.
ACCOMMODATION
Trekking in Kanchenjunga region is limited in terms of accommodation so camping trek is recommended.
You often have to share rooms but you can also stay in single rooms where possible. Rooms are basic, normally just a bed with a pillow and blankets. We will accommodate you and your group in a comfortable local lodge each day. The Guide coordinates with the local lodge owners and a porter is sent ahead to book the required rooms for the group (rooms cannot always be booked in advance).
During a camping trek, your accommodation will consist of a well-organized setup designed for comfort and convenience. Each night, you’ll sleep in personal tents, which are spacious and equipped with sleeping bags and mats. A separate dining tent will serve as your eating area, complete with seating and a table where meals are enjoyed. Additionally, a kitchen tent will be set up for cooking, where a dedicated cook will prepare your meals. Your support team, including porters or yaks, will handle the setup and transportation of all camping gear, ensuring you can focus on enjoying the trek and the stunning surroundings.
Please remember that a sense of adventure is necessary. It is cheaper to stay in lodge rather than organizing a camping trek.
FOOD
LODGE TREK: Meals are included in our price and are taken in lodges available along the trail. You can find a considerable variety of Nepali (rice, curry & lentil, momo, noodles, chapattis, etc.) and Western food (pizza, pasta, sandwich, chips, porridge, toast, pancake, soup, etc) as well as drinks (coffee, tea, milk, soft drinks, and beer). The Guide suggests you the best option as per the availability.
GAP Trek:You will have to make your own eating arrangements in the lodges available along the trail. Expect to spend around $ 25 – $ 30 a day for food. Guide, accommodation and porters are covered in the price.
Camping Trek: On a camping trek, food is a vital and enjoyable part of the experience. Meals are prepared by a dedicated cook in a kitchen tent, offering a variety of hearty and nutritious dishes. Breakfast might include porridge, eggs, and bread, while lunch and dinner feature dishes like rice, noodles, vegetables, and meat, often with local flavors. Snacks such as fruit, nuts, and energy bars are available throughout the day to keep you energized. Hot beverages like tea, coffee, and sometimes hot chocolate are served to warm you up in the chilly mornings and evenings. Dietary restrictions and preferences can usually be accommodated with advance notice, ensuring that everyone enjoys their meals while trekking through Nepal’s beautiful landscapes.
WATER
You will be provided filtered water about 3 – 4 liters per person per day. The good thing about such water is it doesn’t smell chlorine. We normally use Sawyer Filters. However, you can also buy bottled water in tea houses. You can also bring water purification pills in case you want to drink water from local taps.
PERSONAL EXPENSES– MONEY TO TAKE ON TREK
Money requirement depends largely on type of trek style, duration and trekking region.
For a three-week Kanchenjunga Base Camp Trek – South, you can take about $ 250 – $ 350, more if you intend to get more table drinks (alcoholic/non-alcoholic beverages), snacks while walking (a few smaller shops are available along the trail in some areas), souvenirs, battery charge, internet, hot shower (available in some places) etc. We pay for your accommodation and meals at mountain hut (tea house) along the trail and bear all the expenses of staffs assigned by us. However, for extra bar bills, snacks, hot shower, battery charge, internet etc. you have to pay directly to lodge owner on the spot.
CHANGING MONEY
You can change money at a bank or the money exchange counter in cities like Kathmandu. Many Tourist class Hotels have money exchange facilities. For Trekking, there are banks and exchange counters at major Tourist hubs in Nepal but they lack in Kanchenjunga region. These days, there is availability of ATMs everywhere in Kathmandu and some major trekking hubs.
TIPS
Tips are appreciated by your support team after the completion of your trip. The amount depends on your budget and appreciation of their work. As a suggestion, we advise that you can allocate 5 – 10 % of the total tour cost as tips. It is recommended that you talk to the members and hand it over individually as per the hierarchy on the last day of the trek.
GROUP SIZE ON FIXED DEPARTURE
If you opt to join our ‘fixed departure trip’, you are likely to be joining people from different countries of any age group except minors. The size of group varies, minimum number of persons required to operate a trip is 2 and the maximum is 15 people.
For a Private Booking, any number size from 1 pax to 20 pax are acceptable and can be comfortably organized. We go for special planning for handling group size bigger than 20 pax.
GROUP LEADER AND CREW
All our trips are led by Government licensed local trekking guides. The guides have vast knowledge and have trekked the area multiple of times depending on the group size, the main guide will be accompanied by assistant guides.
We will also have a team of porters to carry your main gag. We provide 1 porter for 2 members, 15 kg allowance for each member.
COMMUNICATION
Communication during Kanchenjunga Base Camp Trek – South is not challenging but there are certain things to be considered. You can also use Ncell and NTC network (both for internet and mobile network) but they don’t work properly in some places as you go higher. Some Tea Houses / Lodges also provide Wi-Fi facilities. If it is crucial for you to keep in contact with your family or others, we can provide you a mobile satellite phone (rental charge on request).
FLIGHT AND LAND TRANSFERS
The starting point of the Kanchenjunga Base Camp Trek – South is Kande Bhanjyang which is connected by a 8 to 9 hours’ drive from Ilam. On your return, you will drive from Ranipul which takes 5 to 6 hours to reach Taplejung. On both cases you will fly to and from Bhadrapur which is connected by 3 to 4 hours derive to Ilam. We will arrange the transportation from your hotel to the airport (Kathmandu). Please check with us for price difference between flying and driving back to Kathmandu.
LUGGAGE WHILE TREKKING
During Kanchenjunga Base Camp Trek – South, your main luggage will be carried by porter. Please keep your luggage as light as possible around 12 kg to 15 kg for flight safety and porter welfare as per IPPG standard. You simply carry a day pack with water bottle, camera, sun-screen, spare jacket, etc. You can leave your valuable items at your hotel in Kathmandu while trekking. Many hotels have a locker system and provide a deposit slip for the valuables kept under the hotel’s safekeeping.
TYPICAL DAY ON TREK
A typical day while trekking in Nepal consists of about 6 – 8 hours of activity. Each morning after packing our bags and having a good breakfast, we set off on the day’s walk. After walking for 3 – 4 hours we stop for lunch at around midday. The afternoon’s walk is generally shorter and we usually arrive at our destination in time for afternoon tea. The remainder of the afternoon can be spent exploring the village, doing a bit of washing or simply relaxing with a good book. On some days, we will arrive at our destination by lunchtime and the entire afternoon will be free. After dinner, the evening will often be spent playing cards and reliving the day’s adventures, before heading off to bed for a well-earned sleep.
TREKKING GEARS & EQUIPMENT
You will need walking boots, sleeping bag (4 seasons/-20 0C rated), waterproof jacket and trousers, fleece jacket, warm hat and gloves, sunglasses, water bottle, sun-screen and day pack. Comprehensive list of equipment will be provided once you book your trip. It’s not necessary to spend a lot of money buying extra equipment and clothing before your trip. Majority of these gears can be bought or hired at reasonable rates in Kathmandu.
GEARS AVAILABLE IN KATHMANDU
There are numerous suppliers of trekking gears in Kathmandu supplying genuine branded items or imitations depending on your choice and price. You can get anything from down jackets and sleeping bags to socks or thermal wears that you need for your trek.
TREK SECURITY
Security of our clients is our foremost priority. All our guides are licensed by Nepal Government. Our guides and support crew are carefully chosen for your trips. They will ensure your safety and security throughout your trip. During your trek, you will be sleeping in local teahouses. You have to take precautions yourself at all times. Never leave your baggage unattended and keep your lodge room locked when you go out.
MEETING AND GREETING AT AIRPORT
You need to pass on your International flight details to us for a “meeting and greeting” service at airport. You just pass the customs desk and come out of the terminal building where you will see someone standing with a placard with either ‘Explore Himalaya’ or your name written on it. Our airport representative or tour officer will greet you and welcome you with a garland and escort you to your hotel.
TREK DURATION
We ensure liability as indicated in itinerary and list of services. If the holiday is cut short or completed earlier than the projected period upon client’s wish, we shall not be responsible or make refund against unutilized days or services. Clients need to pay for hotels/services incurred in Kathmandu or elsewhere in such cases.
CLIMATE AND BEST TIME TO GO
The best seasons for trekking in Nepal are autumn (from mid-September till November end) and spring (from the beginning of March until mid-May). Temperatures will drop considerably as you trek higher every day. The nights are cold (between -10 0C to 5 0C) but the days are sunny and hot (between 10 0C to 20 0C). The mornings are usually clear, with clouds building up during the afternoon, disappearing at night. Trekking during the monsoon and winter is not recommended, as the visibility during monsoon is limited, upper parts and high passes could be covered with snow in winter.
March, April, October and November are the most favored months. Please choose the date that is convenient for you.
ITINERARY CHANGES
The itinerary for this trek is a standard itinerary. Depending on the prevailing situation while on trek, you can modify it to some extent after consulting with your guide. However, the date of trek completion should always coincide with the original itinerary. You should keep in mind that this is an adventure trip into the remotest region, where many unforeseen events may contribute to the need for a change in itinerary. In such cases, we or your guide will suggest the best alternative similar to your original.
HEALTH ISSUES AND VACCINATIONS
As vaccination requirements change frequently, we suggest you consult your doctor at least 2 months prior to the beginning of your trip. We recommend protection against malaria, tetanus, typhoid, hepatitis and polio. The main health consideration during the trek is Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS). You may experience some mild symptoms initially, such as headache, lethargy, nausea and difficulty sleeping, but these should lessen within a few days. To avoid Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS), people take pills called ‘Diamox’ (Acetazolamide). You can also use these pills after consulting with your doctor and purchase them in Kathmandu. Our itinerary will allow your body to acclimatize properly and handle the low oxygen rate.
If you have ever suffered from altitude sickness, or have a heart or breathing complaint, we highly recommend you consult your doctor about your suitability for trekking in high altitude areas before booking. We suggest that you take some pain-killing pills with you and enough medicine for cold, diarrhea, nausea and fever. Some nasal ointment and throat-moistening pills will greatly help for those who are sensitive to chilly or freezing weather conditions.
FIRST AID KIT
We supply a medical bag with standard medicines prescribed by trekking doctors and a user’s manual. Since our staffs/guides are not qualified for suggesting medications to western clients, we would request you to use the medicines upon your own risk. It is safer and more reliable if you have your own medicine kit and not depend on what we have.
VISA
All visitors except the Indian nationals must hold passport and valid visa. Visa can be obtained at the Nepalese diplomatic missions and consulates abroad. You can also get “On Arrival Visa” at entry points. For doing Kanchenjunga Base Camp Trek – South, you can come with a 30 days visa which costs US $ 50. You should have a passport size photo to get it at airport upon arrival. Some countries’ nationals need to get visa prior their arrival.
Please check http://www.nepalimmigration.gov.np/page/tourist-visa for detailed information.
JOIN A GROUP OR PRIVATE TRIP
Our trips are available on both fixed departure and private basis. If you are looking for a group to join this trek, please check our “Fixed Departures” link for availability, dates and price. If you would like to travel independently, or with your friends, families and colleagues, you are invited to choose any of the trips at your convenient timeframe for any number of people (minimum 1 and maximum 20 at a time).
If you want to do something that is not included in our trip list, we are ready to tailor your trip to suit your exact requirements. In short, we will make every effort to meet your needs.
RESCUE / EVACUATIONS
We take your safety and security very seriously, and make sure that nothing untoward happen to you. However, if anything serious like sickness or a casualty occurs, we will do everything to transfer you to the nearest hospital. As you are responsible for all the expenses incurred in evacuation, please make sure that it is covered by your insurance before assigning for it.
INSURANCE
Insurance is mandatory for all participants. You must have comprehensive insurance covering cancellation, medical emergencies, accidents, and evacuation costs, during the trek. Having the right insurance will provide peace of mind and financial protection in case of unforeseen circumstances during your trek. We recommend insurance specifically tailored for trekking up to Kanchenjunga South Base Camp, as standard policies may not cover these activities. Here are some trusted insurance providers that offer comprehensive coverage for trekking expeditions:
RESPONSIBLE TRAVEL
We are among the few companies in Nepal to receive Travelife Certificate Award https://www.travelife.info for our long-term efforts in sustainable practices.
1.Care for porters and staffs
We ensure that all the porters and other staffs going into high altitude conditions during Everest treks are provided with adequate clothing and equipment. All our porters carry less than 30 kg and underage porters are strictly prohibited in our operations. We run the trek according to the guidelines of the International Porter Protection group (IPPG – www.ippg.net).
2.Environmental Responsibility
Wonderful environment of the Himalayas is also an extremely fragile one. Increasing population density and numbers of trekkers threaten the very beauty of Nepal. At Explore Himalaya, we are extremely conscious about the environment and aim to minimize our impact as much as possible. As deforestation is one of the greatest environmental threats, we do not have camp fires and use LPG gas or kerosene for cooking as an alternative fuel to wood. We don’t use plastic bottles. We also discourage trekkers from using wood-fueled hot showers in lodges along the way. Many lodges, however, now provide solar hot showers, a far more eco-friendly alternative.
Garbage disposal is another major problem and some of the busier trails can, at times, appear strewn with litter. Our staff members are well motivated towards eco-friendly practices. Our staff carry garbage bag with them all the time and collect our garbage and other litters they find on trails and dispose them on the designated area. We also volunteer to bring garbage down while returning back. Our aim is to help protect and preserve this beautiful environment for future generations of trekkers to enjoy.
3.Social Responsibility
Explore Himalaya works with the motto ‘Development through Tourism’. Keeping in line with this motto, Explore Himalaya Community Service Project (EHCSP) has been conceived to empower underprivileged, marginalized, poor and minority segments of Nepal.
Since its inception, EHCSP has been incessantly facilitating and advocating for school education, health, community development, forest conservation, agro practices and culture preservation. A certain amount of your trip money goes to these projects. For more details on our CSR initiatives, please visit https://explorehimalaya.com/csr/
Kanchenjunga region is named after the mountain Kanchenjunga, which is also world’s 3rd highest mountain. Kanchenjunga region is the border between Nepal and India. It is located in the remote northeastern corner of Nepal. Kanchenjunga Region features natural and cultural richness. It is very popular for stunning views of various high Himalayas and is popular trekking destinations in Nepal. There are various ethnic groups especially Rai and Limbu inhabiting the region. They follow their own culture, traditions and occupation.
The Kanchenjunga Conservation Area (KCA) is named after Mount Kanchenjunga, which at 8586 meters (28169 feet) is the second highest mountain in Nepal and the third highest in the world. Established as a conservation area in March 1998, it spans 2,035 square kilometers in the Taplejung district, located in the northeast corner of Nepal. This district is famous for its high peaks, including eleven that rise above 7000 meters (22966 feet), and its glaciers. The Kanchenjunga Conservation Area is part of a vision for a tri-national peace park, linking with the Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR) of China to the north and Sikkim, India, to the east. Sikkim’s Khangchenzonga National Park adjoins the Kanchenjunga Conservation Area, and efforts are underway to extend the Qomolungma Nature Reserve in TAR to encompass the area bordering the Kanchenjunga Conservation Area. In April 1997, the Government of Nepal declared the Kanchenjunga region a “Gift to the Earth” as part of WWF’s Living Planet Campaign 2000. The Kanchenjunga Conservation Area is renowned for its breathtaking scenery and rich biodiversity. It not only includes the world’s third highest peak, Mount Kanchenjunga, but is also a hotspot for plant diversity. Botanists have identified twenty-three species of rhododendrons within the area. The region features glacial streams that carve through high ridges, creating remote and steep valleys where traditional farming practices persist. A short trek will lead you to high-elevation pastures where yaks graze and vibrant alpine flowers bloom. Throughout the Kanchenjunga Conservation Area, you will find various ethnic groups who maintain traditional subsistence lifestyles, contributing to the rich cultural heritage of the area.
The Kanchenjunga Conservation area spans an impressive altitude range from 1200 meters (3937 feet) to 8586 meters (28169 feet). This broad elevation range results in diverse climatic conditions. The region experiences a prolonged monsoon season, characterized by early and late monsoon arrivals. Summers are hot and humid with essential monsoon showers, while winters bring frequent snowfalls and temperatures often drop below freezing. The ideal weather and climate to trek in Kanchenjunga region is during spring and autumn season. The Kanchenjunga Conservation Area is home to a remarkable array of wildlife and plant species. Among its inhabitants are the endangered snow leopard, elusive Himalayan black bear, and the rare musk deer. Visitors may also spot the vibrant red panda, herds of blue sheep, and the agile rhesus monkey. The area’s avian diversity is equally impressive, with around 250 bird species, including the striking impeyan pheasant, the vivid red-billed blue magpie, and the elegant ashy drongo. Vegetation in the region is rich and varied, featuring 20 indigenous gymnosperms, 15 of Nepal’s 23 endemic flowering plants, 23 different rhododendron species, and 48 types of orchids. This biodiversity makes the Kanchenjunga Conservation Area a crucial sanctuary for both wildlife and plant life.
The Kanchenjunga massif is a stunning cluster of majestic peaks, with Kanchenjunga Main soaring to an impressive altitude of 8,586 meters, making it the highest of them all and the third highest in the world. The Kanchenjunga massif is renowned for its impressive peaks. It has five major summits, with three along the Nepal-India border and two in Nepal’s Taplejung district. At its highest point stands Kanchenjunga Main (8586 m / 28169 ft) followed by Kanchenjunga West, also known as Yalung Kang (8505 m / 27904 ft), Kanchenjunga Central (8476 m / 27808 ft), Kanchenjunga South (8476 m / 27808 ft), and Kangbachen(7903 m / 25928 ft). The Kangchenjunga Himal section of the Himalayas spans features more than 20 peaks rising above 7000 meters (23000 feet). In the northern section, you’ll find peaks like Yalung Kang, Kangchenjunga Central and South, Kangbachen, Kirat Chuli, and Gimmigela Chuli, extending up to Jongsang La. The eastern ridge in Sikkim includes Siniolchu, while the southern ridge runs along the Nepal–Sikkim border and encompasses Kabru I to III. This ridge continues south to the Singalila Ridge. To the west, the ridge culminates in Kumbhakarna, also known as Jannu.
To the north, it is bounded by the Lhonak Chu, Goma Chu, and Jongsang La, while the eastern boundary is marked by the Teesta River. The western edge extends from Jongsang La through the Gingsang and Kangchenjunga glaciers and includes the Ghunsa and Tamur rivers. This region straddles the border between Nepal’s Koshi Province and India’s Sikkim state, with the peaks West and Kangbachen located in Nepal’s Taplejung District. Additionally, three of the main peaks, Kanchenjunga Main, Central, and South, lie directly along the border. The massif features five major glaciers: Zemu, Kanchenjunga, Yalung, Talung, and Ramtang. These glaciers feed into the Saptakoshi Rivers, including the Arun, Tamor, and Teesta in Sikkim. Kanchenjunga Main is the highest point in the Brahmaputra River Basin and also part of the Ganges River Basin.
Locals view it as a sacred place and believe it is the home of a mountain deity. The local name ‘Kanchinjing’ translates to “The Five Treasures of the High Snow.” This name comes from Tibetan, where “gangs” means snow or ice, “chen” means great, “mdzod” means treasure, and “lnga” means five. According to local Lhopo people, these treasures are hidden but reveal themselves to the faithful in times of great danger. The treasures are said to include salt, gold, turquoise and precious stones, sacred scriptures, invincible armor or weapons, grain, and medicine.
The main ridge of the Kanchenjunga massif stretches from north-northeast to south-southwest, serving as a watershed for several rivers. Kanchenjunga has preserved its natural beauty and tranquility due to its remote location in Nepal, making it a less visited destination despite its breathtaking scenery. Recently, trekking has been allowed in Sikkim, with the Goecha La pass trek being the most popular for stunning views of the mountain’s southeast face. The area’s isolation and local legends, including sightings of a mysterious creature thought to be the “Kangchenjunga Demon” or “Yeti,” contribute to its mystique.
The trek to Kanchenjunga is truly spectacular, passing through three distinct eco regions: the eastern Himalayan broadleaved and coniferous forests, the alpine shrub and meadows, and the Terai Duar Savanna and grasslands. Along the way, you’ll encounter numerous rivers and the Kanchenjunga Conservation Area, home to endangered species like Snow Leopards, Asian Black Bears, Red Pandas, White-bellied Musk Deer, and Blood Pheasants, as well as beautiful flora such as Rhododendrons and Orchids. If you’re lucky, you might spot some of these rare animals during your trek.
<strong>Kanchenjunga Main</strong>
Mount Kanchenjunga Main (8586 m / 28169 ft) is the world’s third highest peak. Standing at 8,586 meters (28,169 feet), it is part of the Himalayas in the Kangchenjunga mountain range. This range is bordered to the west by the Tamur River, to the north by Jongsang La and the Nepal-China border. Kanchenjunga Main lies on the edge of the Phaktanglung and Sirijanga areas in Taplejung district, Nepal, and also reaches into India. It is east-southeast of Yalung Khang and north-northwest of Kanchenjunga Central. Until 1852, Kangchenjunga was believed to be the highest mountain in the world. However, calculations based on various readings and measurements made by the Great Trigonometric Survey in 1849 revealed that Mount Everest, then known as Peak XV, was actually the tallest. It was officially confirmed in 1856 that Kangchenjunga was the third highest mountain in the world. Kanchenjunga was first climbed on May 25, 1955, by British climbers Joe Brown and George Band. They deliberately stopped just short of the summit to honor a promise made to Tashi Namgyal, the Chogyal of Sikkim, to keep the peak untouched. Since then, climbers have respected this tradition. Climbing is not allowed on the Indian side of the mountain.
Yalung Khang
Mount Yalung Khang (8505 m / 27904 ft), also referred to as Yalungkar, is a prominent peak in the Kanchenjunga mountain range. It is the second highest peak in the Kanchenjunga range. Yalung Khang is situated west-northwest of the Kanchenjunga Main summit and east of Yalung Khang West. Although, Yalung Khang has long been recognized by geographers as exceeding 8000 meters, its status as the 15th eight-thousander has been debated. If considered an independent peak, it would be the fifth highest mountain in the world, just 11 meters (36 feet) shorter than Lhotse. In 2014, Nepal officially acknowledged Yalung Khang as an independent peak and opened it for climbing. However, the International Climbing and Mountaineering Federation (UIAA) has not yet recognized it as such, which has led to fewer climbing attempts compared to the central summit of Kanchenjunga. The first successful ascent of Yalung Kang was made by the Kyoto University Yalung Khang Expedition. The peak was first successfully climbed on May 14, 1973, by Yutaka Ageta and Takao Matsuda. Unfortunately, Matsuda was lost on the descent, with only part of a broken ice axe recovered.
Kumbhakarna
Mount Kumbhakarna (7710 m / 25295 ft), also known as Jannu, stands as a towering proof to the rugged beauty and climbing challenges of the Himalayas. Kumbhakarna is an imposing presence in the Kumbhakarna Section of the Kangchenjunga Himal, which straddles the border between Nepal and Sikkim. However, this peak lies entirely within Nepal and is intimately connected to Kangchenjunga by a long ridge that extends to the east. The mountain’s official name, Kumbhakarna, pays homage to a figure from Hindu mythology known for his immense size and strength. Despite this, the name Jannu is more widely recognized, reflecting the mountain’s integration into the regional consciousness. In the Limbu language, the peak is called Phoktanglungma, meaning “mountain with shoulders,” a nod to its prominent and distinctive profile. Kumbhakarna’s grandeur is not just in its height but in its sheer verticality and technical difficulty. The peak presents a formidable challenge for climbers due to its complex structure and steep ascents, especially near the summit. The north face of Kumbhakarna is particularly notorious, with its steep slopes and demanding climbing routes earning it a reputation as one of the most challenging peaks in the world for technical climbing. The mountain’s formidable nature is matched by its spiritual significance. In the Kirant religion, Kumbhakarna holds sacred status, intertwining cultural reverence with its physical majesty. The combination of its technical challenges and its sacred status makes Kumbhakarna a mountain of great allure and respect among climbers and local communities alike. Mount Kumbhakarna was successfully ascended on April 27, 1962 by Rene Desmaison, Paul Keller, Robert Paragot, and Gyalzen Mitchung Sherpa.
Kangbachen
Kangbachen (7903 m / 25928 ft) is a subsidiary of the Kangchenjunga massif, which is renowned for its five major summits. The massif’s name, “Five Treasures of the High Snow,” reflects its five prominent peaks, with Kangbachen being the smallest of these and the only one entirely within Nepal. Kangbachen ranks as the seventh tallest peak in Nepal’s Kanchenjunga mountain range. Situated on the west ridge of the Kangchenjunga range, Kangbachen is the only peak of the Kangchenjunga group that falls below 8000 meters (26247 feet). Despite its impressive stature, Kangbachen has seen relatively few ascents compared to its more famous neighbors. The first ascent occurred on May 26, 1974, via the southwest ridge by a Polish expedition team consisting of Kazimierz Olech, Wieslaw Klaput, Marek Malatynski, Zbigniew Rubinowski, and Wojciech Branski. The East and South faces of Kangbachen remain unclimbed, adding an element of mystery and challenge to this less-explored peak in the Kangchenjunga range.
Gimmigela Chuli
Gimmigela Chuli, often referred to as “The Twins,” consists of two distinct peaks straddling the border between Taplejung in Nepal and Sikkim in India. The main peak is Gimmigela Chuli I (7350 m / 24114 ft) is located north-northeast of Kangchenjunga. The second peak is Gimmigela Chuli II (7005 m / 22982 ft). Known as “Gimmigela’s Sister,” this subpeak lies entirely within India. Together, the two peaks are collectively known as “The Twins.” The first successful ascent of Gimmigela Chuli I was achieved on October 29, 1994 by Shigeru Yokokuwa, Dawa Wangchuk Sherpa, Pasang Gyalzen Sherpa, and Pasang Tenzing Sherpa.
Anidesh Chuli (White Wave)
Anidesh Chuli (6960 m / 22835 ft), also known as White Wave, is a prominent peak in the Kanchenjunga mountain range, located in Eastern Nepal near the Sikkim border in India. This striking, icy summit forms part of the western edge of the Kanchenjunga massif and sits on a side ridge between the Kumbhakarna and Ramtang Glaciers. Although it was previously known as White Wave, the peak is now recognized by its Nepali name, Anidesh Chuli. It is positioned west of Khangbachen Peak and southwest of Ramtang Peak, with Kumbhakarna Peak located to its southwest. As of now, Anidesh Chuli remains unclimbed.
Bhadrapur Airport
Bhadrapur Airport (95 m / 312 ft), also known as Chandragadi Airport, is a key domestic airport located in the Jhapa district of Nepal, just 4.6 kilometers from Bhadrapur, one of Nepal’s oldest municipalities. Established in November 1963, the airport features a 5,000-foot asphalt runway. It is situated 450 kilometers from Kathmandu. The airport is well-served by major domestic airlines connecting Bhadrapur directly to Kathmandu. This airport serves as a gateway for trekkers heading to Mt. Kanchenjunga, the world’s third-highest mountain, and is also a convenient entry point for visiting the Makalu Barun National Park. Additionally, Bhadrapur’s proximity to the “Tea City” of Ilam and the nearby Indian city of Siliguri makes it a strategic location for travelers exploring the region.
Ilam Bazar
Ilam Bazar (1206 m / 3957 ft) is the vibrant heart of Ilam district, where a scenic winding road meanders through a charming market town nestled on a hill. This picturesque location, adorned with neat homes, has evolved into a cultural mosaic where diverse ethnic communities—Rai, Limbu, Brahmin, Kshatriya, Magar, Newar, Sherpa, Lapcha, and Madhesi—live harmoniously, each adding to the town’s unique character. The area offers an array of attractions for visitors. Wander through the lush tea gardens and ascend the view towers for sweeping vistas of the surrounding landscape. Discover the Bear Stone Cave, find tranquility at Chureghanti Monastery, and explore sacred sites like Narayansthan, Maisthan, and Bhimsensthan. For adventure enthusiasts, rock climbing opportunities abound, while the Sinhavahini and Setidevi temples provide spiritual retreats. Notably, Aarti is performed every Saturday evening at Maisthan Temple, where an ancient cannon of historical significance is also displayed. Above the market lies Nepal’s first tea garden, founded in 1920 by Chief Colonel Gajrajsingh Thapa, initially covering 118 acres. The tea processing factory, established in 1935, has since expanded to over 55,000 hectares, with a significant portion of its output exported abroad. Visitors can witness the intricate process of tea leaf picking and processing at the local factories. Ilam Bazar is well-equipped with hotels, lodges, resorts, and restaurants, ensuring a comfortable stay for all travelers.
Taplejung
Taplejung is a charming municipality located in the Mechi Zone of northeastern Nepal. The name Taplejung comes from two Limbu words: “Taple,” which honors a medieval Limbu king who ruled the region, and “jung,” which means fort in Limbu. So, Taplejung essentially means “Fort of King Taple.” Renowned for its stunning landscapes, Taplejung is one of the most picturesque places in eastern Nepal. Taplejung is a treasure trove of captivating attractions. The Pathibhara Devi Temple offers a spiritual journey and stunning views, while the trek up provides a chance to see diverse rhododendron species. The Tamor River, fed by Mount Kanchenjunga’s snowmelt, offers spectacular mountain vistas and thrilling rafting opportunities. Kanchenjunga Conservation Area spans from the cold deserts of Lhonak Valley to the historic Yuksom, featuring sacred lakes and lush wilderness. The Panchthar-Ilam-Taplejung Red Panda Protected Forest is a biologically rich area critical for the survival of Nepal’s red pandas, hosting around 100 individuals along with extensive Lithocarpus forests and Himalayan yew.
Yamphudin
Yamphudin, also called Sherpagaon, is a charming and serene locality located in Sirijangha Rural Municipality, Taplejung District, Koshi Province of Nepal. This small settlement is characterized by its subtropical highland climate. This means that Yamphudin experiences temperate oceanic conditions with notably dry winters. Yamphudin is naturally situated within a scenic and agriculturally rich area, primarily drained by the Kabeli River. This river, a key waterway in the region, merges with the Tamor River, a significant tributary of the Koshi River. The convergence of these rivers contributes to the fertile soil and lush vegetation that supports local farming practices. Agriculture in Yamphudin is deeply intertwined with livestock farming. Livestock, including yaks, chauris (crossbreeds of yak and cow), urang (another local breed), and sheep, play a crucial role in the local farming system. These animals provide essential services such as manure for fertilizing crops and draft power for plowing fields. Additionally, they contribute to the local economy through the production of dairy products. Herder families produce butter, ghee, and chuurpi—a hard, dry curd cheese made from milk—which are important sources of income and nutrition. In recent years, there has been a noticeable shift in the local economy as villagers increasingly turn to tourism as a viable alternative source of income. Yamphudin is inhabited by a variety of ethnic communities. The most notable groups include the Limbu, Sherpa, Rai, Tamang, and Magar. Each of these communities brings its own distinct languages, traditions, and cultural practices, enhancing the region’s diverse heritage. The natural beauty and cultural richness of Yamphudin, combined with its unique highland climate and traditional lifestyle, attract visitors seeking an authentic Himalayan experience. This transition towards tourism not only offers economic benefits but also helps to preserve and promote the cultural heritage of the region.
Tseram
Tseram (3870m / 12697 ft), also known as Cheram, is a charming spot situated on a small terrace about 50 meters above the north bank of the river on the southern flank of Mount Kanchenjunga. This serene location is distinguished by its lush, grassy landscape. Tseram offers a tranquil environment that contrasts sharply with the hustle and bustle of urban life. This idyllic location is particularly valued for its role in acclimatization, serving as an optimal base for trekkers preparing for the higher altitudes of Kanchenjunga South Base Camp. From Tseram, it is feasible to commence on a day hike to the Yamgachha Khola Valley, which provides additional opportunities for acclimatization while offering stunning views and a deeper connection with the surrounding natural beauty. The campsite’s peaceful ambiance is enhanced by its remote location, far from the distractions of modern life. Tseram is also strategically positioned with a view towards the Khang La Pass (5202 m / 17067 ft), a significant geographical feature connecting Nepal and Sikkim. This tranquil haven allows trekkers to fully immerse themselves in the beauty and serenity of the Himalayas, making it an essential stop on the journey to Kanchenjunga’s southern base. At Tseram, there is a single house that functions as a rustic teahouse, offering a simple yet welcoming place for travelers to rest and refresh. The teahouse’s rustic charm complements the natural beauty of the surroundings, making Tseram an inviting and peaceful stop along the trek.
Ramche
Ramche (4610m / 15125 ft) serves as the Kanchenjunga South Base Camp and is the final teahouse/camping spot for trekkers on the southern approach to Kanchenjunga. This expansive valley provides a picturesque and serene teahouse/campsite, renowned for its natural beauty and prime location. The area is a favored grazing ground for local yak herders, whose animals roam freely amidst the stunning landscape. By night, Ramche transforms into a lively yet tranquil place as wild blue sheep, also known as bharal, venture close to the camp in search of food. These animals, typically shy around humans, can often be seen grazing and playing in the vicinity, adding a touch of wilderness to the Ramche’s charm. The expansive valley of Ramche offers unobstructed views of the surrounding peaks, including the striking Rathong Rathong (6682 m / 21923 ft) and the dramatic Kabru Himal range. The pristine environment and breathtaking vistas make Ramche not only a crucial rest point for trekkers but also a memorable and scenic location from which to admire the grandeur of the Kanchenjunga region.
Oktang
Oktang (4740 m / 15551 ft) stands as the pinnacle of the Kanchenjunga Base Camp Trek on the south side, situated in the shadow of Mount Kanchenjunga. Oktang stands as a captivating vantage point perched high on the rugged terrain, offering an unparalleled view of the majestic Kangchenjunga massif. The journey to Oktang winds through a dramatic landscape of moraine and boulders, eventually leading to a serene grassy meadow. As trekkers navigate the challenging terrain, the path reveals glimpses of Kangchenjunga’s towering peaks, igniting a sense of awe and urgency to reach the viewpoint. Upon arrival at Oktang, visitors are greeted by a striking panorama. Below, a vast glacier (Yalung Glacier) sprawls across the valley, its icy expanse punctuated by the colorful flutter of prayer flags adorning a nearby shrine. The ridge extends beyond the viewpoint, inviting further exploration of the rugged landscape. The crowning feature of Oktang is its breathtaking perspective of Kangchenjunga’s southern face. From this vantage point, the four primary summits of the Kanchenjunga range are visible in a stunning lineup: Yalung Kang (8505 m / 27904 ft), Kangchenjunga Main (8586 m / 28169 ft), Kangchenjunga Central (8476 m / 27808 ft), and Kangchenjunga South (8476 m / 27808 ft). This extraordinary view, with four of the world’s highest peaks in such close proximity, is a rare and awe-inspiring sight that captures the essence of the Himalayas’ grandeur. This combination of towering mountains and expansive glaciers creates a mesmerizing landscape, perfect for capturing stunning photographs. For photography enthusiasts, Oktang is a treasure trove of visual splendor. The dramatic contrasts between the icy glacier and rugged peaks make for striking images, while the surrounding Himalayan scenery adds to the viewpoint’s allure. As one of the trek’s main attractions, Oktang provides a rare opportunity to fully appreciate and photograph the breathtaking beauty of Kanchenjunga and its majestic surroundings.
Chhirwa
Chhiruwa (1230 m / 4035 ft) is a locality in Phaktanglung, Taplejung, within Koshi Province. Chhiruwa is situated near the locality of Yenuwa and the hamlet of Ikhabu. Chhiruwa experiences a subtropical highland climate, characterized by temperate oceanic conditions with dry winters, making it a pleasant and serene place throughout the year. This elevated setting offers stunning views and a peaceful environment, characteristic of the region’s natural beauty. Chirwa is a popular stop on the Kanchenjunga North Base Camp Trek, offering a few lodges where trekkers can rest overnight. The trek to Chirwa involves a steep ascent through dense forests and high alpine meadows.
Limbu
The Limbu, also known by their endonym Yakthung, are an indigenous Sino-Tibetan ethnolinguistic group from the Himalayan region. The name Yakthung is derived from “Yaksha,” meaning “Yaksha winner” or “heroes of the hills” in their language. Limbu males are called Yakthungba or Yakthumba, and females are known as Yakthumma or Yakthungma. The term “Subba,” meaning village chief, was historically given by the Shah Kings and is now commonly used interchangeably with Limbu in their community, though it was originally a title for chiefs. Culturally, the Limbu blend Hinduism with traditional animist beliefs, revering nature and ancestral spirits. Key festivals include “Udhauli” and “Ubhauli,” which celebrate seasonal changes with dances and feasts. Pottery is a traditional craft, and weaving and embroidery are also important. The Limbu’s daily life revolves around agriculture, with rice, maize, and millet as staples, along with fishing and animal husbandry. Despite modernization and migration challenges, the Limbu maintain their cultural traditions and identity, both in their Himalayan homeland and among diaspora communities worldwide.
Rai
The Rai, also known as Khambu or Jimee, are an indigenous ethnic group from the eastern Himalayan region. They traditionally live in tight-knit communities, organized into clans with a strong sense of social structure. Historically known as “Jimdar” or landowners, they played a significant role in agricultural and pastoral activities. Their cultural practices are deeply rooted in animism and ancestor worship, with shamans (Nakso or Nakchhong) leading religious rituals and ceremonies. The Rai celebrate their cultural heritage through vibrant festivals like Sakela Ubhauli, which marks seasonal changes and involves traditional dances, songs, and rituals. Their traditional occupations include farming and animal husbandry, adapted to the hilly terrain they inhabit. While modern influences and migration have introduced new elements to their lifestyle, the Rai continue to uphold their rich cultural traditions and communal values.
Sherpa
The Sherpa, a prominent ethnic group native to the high Himalayan regions of Nepal, Sikkim, and Tibet, are renowned for their exceptional mountaineering skills and deep cultural heritage. They traditionally live in the Solu-Khumbu region of eastern Nepal, where their society is organized around close-knit communities and strong family ties. Sherpas are primarily Buddhist and practice Tibetan Buddhism, which influences their daily life and rituals. Monasteries play a central role in their communities, and religious festivals, such as “Lhosar,” celebrate the Tibetan New Year with traditional dances, prayers, and feasts. Historically, Sherpas were farmers and traders, but in recent decades, they have gained international fame as skilled mountain guides and porters. Their lifestyle is closely connected to their environment, with traditional activities including high-altitude farming, animal husbandry, and crafting. Despite modern advancements and the influence of tourism, Sherpas continue to preserve their cultural practices and communal values, maintaining a unique blend of ancient traditions and contemporary life.
Lhomi
The Lhomi, also known as “southern people,” are a distinct Tibetan ethnic group with unique cultural, linguistic, and religious traits. Though they are considered part of the Tibetan nationality, their culture has been shaped by centuries of interactions with non-Tibetan influences. Today Lhomi has been maintaining their unique identity amidst diverse regional influences. Traditionally, the Lhomi engage in subsistence farming, cultivating millet for gruel and beer, raising sheep for wool and meat, and weaving garments from wild sisal hemp. The Lhomi practice a form of Buddhism intertwined with animistic beliefs. They revere spirits and natural forces that they believe control their lives. Their religious practices include ritual animal sacrifices, which are in contrast to orthodox Buddhism. For instance, before planting millet, the Lhomi perform a ritual sacrifice of three sheep to honor their village deity.
Walung
The Walung people, also known as Walung-ngas or Walungpa, are the indigenous inhabitants of the region around Olangchunggola. Their ancestry traces back to Tibetan settlers from the 7th century. While the exact duration of their presence in Nepal is uncertain, estimates range from 1,300 years to just a few centuries. The primary occupations of the Walung are trade and the herding of yaks and dzos, integral to their traditional way of life. Culturally, the Walung people practice Nyingmapa Buddhism. The Deki Chholing Gompa, a prominent monastery built 450 years ago, stands atop the main village of Olangchunggola. The chief deity of this monastery is Chenrezi (Avalokitesvara), who is revered as a protector and guardian. Historically, the Walung community would invite Tibetan monks from Lhasa to provide teachings at this monastery.
Brahmins
The Brahmins are a prominent and influential Hindu caste. Traditionally, Brahmins have been priests, scholars, and teachers, playing a central role in religious and educational affairs. Their lifestyle is deeply rooted in Vedic traditions and Hindu scriptures, with many Brahmins performing rituals and ceremonies in temples and homes. They are known for their emphasis on education, spiritual practices, and adherence to ritual purity. Culturally, Brahmins observe various religious festivals and ceremonies with devotion and precision. They follow dietary restrictions, often adhering to vegetarianism, and practice rituals that include daily prayers and recitations of sacred texts. Despite modern changes, many Brahmins continue to uphold their traditional roles and customs while adapting to contemporary life. Their cultural heritage remains a vital part of their identity, blending ancient practices with modern influences.
Chhetris
The Chhetris, also known as Kshatriyas, are a prominent Hindu caste in Nepal, recognized historically for their roles as warriors and rulers. Traditionally, Chhetris have been involved in military and administrative positions, and they hold a significant place in the social hierarchy. They are known for their valor, leadership, and contributions to governance. In their daily life, Chhetris observe Hindu customs and rituals, often participating in ceremonies and festivals with great enthusiasm. They practice a range of traditional rites, including marriage ceremonies, religious festivals like “Dashain,” and worship at local temples. Chhetris also place a strong emphasis on education and community service. Despite modern influences, many Chhetris continue to honor their cultural heritage through traditional practices, while also embracing contemporary changes in their lifestyle. Their rich cultural legacy reflects a blend of historical traditions and modern adaptability.
Buddha Jayanti
Buddha Jayanti is a major festival in Nepal and several other Buddhist regions, commemorating the birth, enlightenment, and death of Siddhartha Gautama, who became the Buddha. Celebrated on the full moon day of the month of Vaisakha, which usually falls in April or May, Buddha Jayanti is a significant occasion for Buddhists around the world. The festival begins with the early morning ritual of visiting temples, where devotees light lamps, offer flowers, and recite prayers to honor the Buddha. Temples are adorned with colorful flags and decorations, creating a serene and festive atmosphere. Devotees engage in various acts of merit, including giving alms to monks, participating in meditation sessions, and listening to sermons about the Buddha’s teachings. The day is a time for reflection on the Buddha’s teachings of compassion, mindfulness, and the path to enlightenment. Buddha Jayanti is a day of reverence and celebration, where followers of Buddhism come together to honor the life and teachings of the Buddha, renewing their commitment to his path of spiritual awakening.
Lhosar
Lhosar is a significant New Year celebration observed by various ethnic groups in Nepal, including the Tamang, Sherpa, and Gurung communities. The festival marks the beginning of the New Year according to the lunar calendar, typically falling in late December or early January, with variations depending on the specific community. The celebration of Lhosar is marked by vibrant and joyful festivities. Families gather to enjoy elaborate meals featuring traditional dishes such as momo (dumplings), sel roti (rice doughnuts), and thukpa (noodle soup). The festival is also characterized by cultural performances, where participants dress in colorful traditional costumes and engage in lively dances and music. Religious and ritual activities are central to Lhosar, with many people visiting temples and monasteries to make offerings and seek blessings for the New Year. Community events, including processions and fairs, bring people together to celebrate and partake in communal activities. Homes and public spaces are decorated with traditional symbols, and people exchange greetings and well-wishes, adding to the festive atmosphere.
Udhauli
Udhauli is a vibrant festival celebrated by the Kirat communities, including the Sunuwar, Limbu, Yakkha, and Khambu Rai. Each year, Udhauli marks the beginning of winter, a time when people, animals, and birds migrate from higher elevations to warmer lowland areas. This annual migration is complemented by the festival of Ubhauli (upwards), which celebrates the return to the hills with the arrival of spring. During the Udhauli festival, the Kirat people express their gratitude to Mother Nature for a bountiful harvest. The celebration is especially lively in eastern Nepal, where people gather to perform the traditional dance known as Sakewa or Sakela. This enchanting dance is performed in a circle, accompanied by the rhythmic beats of the Dhol (drum) and Jhyamta (cymbals). The steps of Sakela, inspired by the behaviors of animals, have been passed down through generations, reflecting the deep connection between the Kirat people and the natural world. Each Kirat community showcases their unique dance steps during Sakela, honoring the earth and celebrating nature’s gifts. The dance symbolizes the harmony between humans and nature, illustrating how the Kirat people have lived in balance with the environment. This cherished event is also documented in the Mundhum, the sacred text of the Kirat people, underscoring its cultural and spiritual significance.
Ubhauli
Ubhauli is a joyful festival celebrated by the Kirat communities, including the Sunuwar, Rai, Limbu, and Yakkha people. This annual event marks the migration of people from lower altitudes back to the hills as summer arrives. In contrast, the migration from the hills to lower areas is celebrated during the Udhauli festival. During Ubhauli, the Kirat people perform the traditional dance known as Sakela. The festival is a time for offering prayers to Mother Nature, seeking blessings for healthy crops and protection from natural calamities throughout the year.
Chandi
Chandi is an important festival celebrated by the Rai people, primarily in eastern Nepal. This festival, also known as “Chandi Jatra” or “Chandi Mela,” is dedicated to the goddess Chandi, a fierce and powerful deity in the Rai pantheon. The festival is marked by elaborate rituals, prayers, and vibrant community gatherings. During Chandi, Rai communities engage in various traditional practices, including animal sacrifices and offerings to honor the goddess and seek her blessings for protection and prosperity. The festival features ceremonial dances, music, and communal feasting, bringing together families and neighbors in a shared celebration of their cultural and spiritual heritage. Chandi reflects the Rai people’s deep-rooted beliefs in their deities and their connection to traditional rituals. It serves as a time for reaffirming cultural identity, strengthening social ties, and expressing gratitude to the divine for their well-being.
Futuk/Phutuk
The Walung celebrate several key festivals including Futuk/Phutuk. Futuk reenacts a significant historical battle, reflecting the community’s rich heritage and traditions. In November, the Walung community celebrates the Phutuk Buddhist festival over a span of three days at Olangchunggola. The Futuk Festival is a vibrant celebration observed by the Walung community, which includes the settlements of Olangchunggola, Yangma, Ghunsa, Lungthung, Lelep, and a few others. The Futuk Festival reenacts the historical conflict between the Gyabo of Maksum and the Gyabo of Thudam. During the festival, a Buddhist monk performs traditional dances, providing a vivid portrayal of these historic events and adding to the cultural richness of the celebration.
Dashain
Dashain, also known as Dashera or Vijaya Dashami, is a major Hindu festival celebrated over 15 days, ending on the full moon of Ashwin, typically in September or October. It is one of Nepal’s most significant and joyous festivals, symbolizing the triumph of good over evil. The festival honors the goddess Durga, who vanquished the demon Mahishasura. Devotees engage in various religious practices, including offerings and sacrifices to Durga and other deities. Homes and temples are decorated with religious symbols, and elaborate feasts are prepared. The festival’s highlight is Vijaya Dashami, when family members receive tika — a mixture of yogurt, rice, and vermillion — from elders, symbolizing blessings and prosperity for the coming year. Celebrations include traditional dances, music, and family reunions, with people traveling from far and wide to partake in the festivities and enjoy special meals.
Tihar
Tihar, also known as Deepawali or the Festival of Lights, follows Dashain and is celebrated over five days, usually in October or November. This vibrant festival emphasizes family bonds and cultural diversity. Each day is dedicated to honoring different deities and animals: crows, dogs, cows, and oxen. The final day, Bhai Tika, celebrates the special bond between brothers and sisters. Sisters perform rituals for the long life and success of their brothers, while homes and streets are adorned with lights and oil lamps. Tihar includes various traditional practices such as making intricate rangoli designs and preparing festive foods. The festival is a time of communal harmony and celebration, marked by lively gatherings and festive decorations.
Your booking of this Kanchenjunga Base Camp Trek – South will be confirmed by email once we receive your deposit of $500 and the signed copy of booking form and contract. The balance is due no later than two months prior to departure. If you book a tour less than 2 months prior to departure, you must send the full payment within 7 days of confirmation by us.
If you cancel your booking, the following scale of charges will apply: • 2 months before departure – Loss of deposit (US$ 500) • 29 days to 2 months before departure – 30% of total trip cost • 10 to 28 days before departure – 60% of total trip cost • Less than 10 days before departure – 100% of total trip cost
In addition to your Kanchenjunga Base Camp Trek – South, we can organize extensions both within Nepal, Tibet, Bhutan, etc. You may want to try water rafting or a jungle safari in Nepal or Nepal Cultural Tour. You may as well take a trip to Tibet or Bhutan, whichever seems more appealing to you.
It is fundamental to acknowledge that Kanchenjunga Base Camp Trek – South trekking is an adventure tour. This requires some flexibility. The day to day itinerary is taken only as a guideline. We cannot be held responsible for any delays caused by International or domestic flights, strikes, Government regulations, weather or natural casualties etc. In such cases, Explore Himalaya shall provide suitable alternatives which will be decided upon mutual agreement. If you have any questions regarding this trip, please feel free to contact us at enquiry@explorehimalaya.com or directly by phone: +977-1-4518100. We answer all enquiries within 24 hours.
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